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<p>This study aimed to develop a&#xa0;sustainable wheat production system by controlling weeds, optimizing irrigation water use, and fertilizer through controlled irrigation, placement of nitrogen fertilizer, and seed priming. Experiments were conducted across three ecological zones in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from 2017 to 2019, employing a&#xa0;Randomized Complete Block design. The study evaluated: three nitrogen fertilizer levels (46% N) applied through broadcast and placement methods. Three irrigation regimes based on the Management Allowed Depletion (MAD) technique. And wheat seed priming to ensure uniform emergence and stand establishment. By integrating these factors, this research sought to identify optimal combinations for minimizing weed infestation, conserving irrigation water, and promoting efficient fertilizer use in wheat production. The highest weed infestation levels were associated with broadcasting 120 kg/ha of urea under 60% Maximum Allowable Depletion (MAD) irrigation. In contrast, the lowest weed presence was observed with placing 60 kg/ha of urea under 70% MAD irrigation. This study concludes that combining 90 kg/ha of urea placement with 70% MAD irrigation and seed priming techniques (hydro-priming and osmo-priming with PEG) significantly enhances wheat yield and improves water and nitrogen use efficiencies. These findings have potential applications in developing computer-simulated models for optimizing irrigation and fertilizer management in wheat cultivation.</p>

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Integrated Weeds Control Through Seed Priming, Irrigation and Nitrogen in Wheat

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月4日

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  • Zahid Hussain,
  • Roohul Amin,
  • Wajid Ali Shah,
  • Manzoor Ahmad,
  • Iftikhar Alam,
  • Rahamdad Khan,
  • Syed Majid Rasheed,
  • Ali Sher,
  • Attaullah Jan

摘要

This study aimed to develop a sustainable wheat production system by controlling weeds, optimizing irrigation water use, and fertilizer through controlled irrigation, placement of nitrogen fertilizer, and seed priming. Experiments were conducted across three ecological zones in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from 2017 to 2019, employing a Randomized Complete Block design. The study evaluated: three nitrogen fertilizer levels (46% N) applied through broadcast and placement methods. Three irrigation regimes based on the Management Allowed Depletion (MAD) technique. And wheat seed priming to ensure uniform emergence and stand establishment. By integrating these factors, this research sought to identify optimal combinations for minimizing weed infestation, conserving irrigation water, and promoting efficient fertilizer use in wheat production. The highest weed infestation levels were associated with broadcasting 120 kg/ha of urea under 60% Maximum Allowable Depletion (MAD) irrigation. In contrast, the lowest weed presence was observed with placing 60 kg/ha of urea under 70% MAD irrigation. This study concludes that combining 90 kg/ha of urea placement with 70% MAD irrigation and seed priming techniques (hydro-priming and osmo-priming with PEG) significantly enhances wheat yield and improves water and nitrogen use efficiencies. These findings have potential applications in developing computer-simulated models for optimizing irrigation and fertilizer management in wheat cultivation.