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<p>Drought stress appears to be a&#xa0;major challenge to rice cultivation and the fall out may be aggravated further by prevailing climate change worldwide. Majority of the rainfed areas used for rice cultivation are at the risk of water deficit stress posing a&#xa0;challenge to food security for the increasing population. Thus, the need for drought-tolerant rice varieties takes precedence in attaining production objectives in these rainfed regions. Consequently, prioritizing genetic enhancements for drought tolerance is an essential research focus in the coming years. Under field condition, drought stress is likely to induce significant morpho-physiological and biochemical changes in rice impairing its morphology and yield potential. Accordingly, several natural populations of rice lines have evolved mechanisms at morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels for drought tolerance. A&#xa0;profound knowledge about such resistance mechanisms in response to drought becomes an essential prerequisite for rice breeders aiming to enhance drought tolerance and resistance in future agricultural development. This comprehensive analysis highlights the significant effects of drought on rice plants and the intricate regulatory network that rice activates in response to drought, explicitly focusing on morphological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. As drought management strategies, contemporary molecular and biotechnological methodologies including transgenic approach, QTL mapping and MAS, target gene regulation by microRNA, genome editing through CRISPR/Cas9 system that offer the potential for mitigating the adverse impacts of drought, have also been discussed.</p>

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Insights into Mechanisms, Responses, and Strategies for Alleviating Drought Stress in Rice: A Current Synopsis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月30日

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  • Atreyee Chatterjee,
  • Manish Kumar,
  • Sharadindu Adak,
  • Narottam Dey,
  • Rup Kumar Kar

摘要

Drought stress appears to be a major challenge to rice cultivation and the fall out may be aggravated further by prevailing climate change worldwide. Majority of the rainfed areas used for rice cultivation are at the risk of water deficit stress posing a challenge to food security for the increasing population. Thus, the need for drought-tolerant rice varieties takes precedence in attaining production objectives in these rainfed regions. Consequently, prioritizing genetic enhancements for drought tolerance is an essential research focus in the coming years. Under field condition, drought stress is likely to induce significant morpho-physiological and biochemical changes in rice impairing its morphology and yield potential. Accordingly, several natural populations of rice lines have evolved mechanisms at morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels for drought tolerance. A profound knowledge about such resistance mechanisms in response to drought becomes an essential prerequisite for rice breeders aiming to enhance drought tolerance and resistance in future agricultural development. This comprehensive analysis highlights the significant effects of drought on rice plants and the intricate regulatory network that rice activates in response to drought, explicitly focusing on morphological, physiological, and molecular mechanisms. As drought management strategies, contemporary molecular and biotechnological methodologies including transgenic approach, QTL mapping and MAS, target gene regulation by microRNA, genome editing through CRISPR/Cas9 system that offer the potential for mitigating the adverse impacts of drought, have also been discussed.