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<p>Chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i>&#xa0;L.), valued for its high protein content, plays a&#xa0;critical role in both human and animal diets and benefits the environment through nitrogen fixation. Ranking as the second most extensively cultivated grain legume after dry beans based on planting area globally, its flowering and pod setting phases are crucial for defining a&#xa0;species’ adaptation limits and yield potential. This study aimed to ascertain the extreme temperature thresholds for the first flowering and pod setting stages of newly collected wild chickpea relatives, exploring the possibility of expanding the observed variation through the identification of new genotypes that exhibit flowering and pod setting at lower temperatures. Conducted between 2013 and 2015 with 286 wild chickpea relatives (<i>C.&#xa0;reticulatum</i> and <i>C.&#xa0;echinospermum</i>) collected from Southeast Turkey, alongside two control specimens (<i>C.&#xa0;arietinum</i>&#xa0;L.), the research took place in Haymana, Ankara, during the autumn of 2016 and the spring of 2017. Statistically significant variations in the number of days to the first flowering and pod setting among the accessions were observed in both growing seasons, at a&#xa0;1% significance level. The study found that the minimum temperature for the first flowering and pod setting in autumn plantings was 9 °C, with spring plantings requiring 12.6 °C. Conversely, the maximum temperatures facilitating the first flowering and pod setting in autumn and spring plantings were recorded at 19.7&#xa0;and 25.6 °C, respectively. In autumn plantings, genotypes Cermi_073, Egil-_63, and Kok40 were the first to flower at the lowest temperature, while Ekin_053 was the first to set pods at 19.7 °C. For spring plantings, genotype Kaya38 was identified as capable of flowering first at 25.6 °C.</p>

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The First Step for Adaptation: Width and Distribution of the First Flowering and Podding Date in Wild Chickpeas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月3日

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  • Abdulkadir Aydoğan,
  • Jens D. Berger,
  • Abdullah Kahriman

摘要

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), valued for its high protein content, plays a critical role in both human and animal diets and benefits the environment through nitrogen fixation. Ranking as the second most extensively cultivated grain legume after dry beans based on planting area globally, its flowering and pod setting phases are crucial for defining a species’ adaptation limits and yield potential. This study aimed to ascertain the extreme temperature thresholds for the first flowering and pod setting stages of newly collected wild chickpea relatives, exploring the possibility of expanding the observed variation through the identification of new genotypes that exhibit flowering and pod setting at lower temperatures. Conducted between 2013 and 2015 with 286 wild chickpea relatives (C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum) collected from Southeast Turkey, alongside two control specimens (C. arietinum L.), the research took place in Haymana, Ankara, during the autumn of 2016 and the spring of 2017. Statistically significant variations in the number of days to the first flowering and pod setting among the accessions were observed in both growing seasons, at a 1% significance level. The study found that the minimum temperature for the first flowering and pod setting in autumn plantings was 9 °C, with spring plantings requiring 12.6 °C. Conversely, the maximum temperatures facilitating the first flowering and pod setting in autumn and spring plantings were recorded at 19.7 and 25.6 °C, respectively. In autumn plantings, genotypes Cermi_073, Egil-_63, and Kok40 were the first to flower at the lowest temperature, while Ekin_053 was the first to set pods at 19.7 °C. For spring plantings, genotype Kaya38 was identified as capable of flowering first at 25.6 °C.