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<p>The increasing impacts of climate change and environmental degradation have made the sustainability of forest ecosystems a global priority. Growing threats to environmental and economic sustainability have also directed recent research in economics and environmental management toward sustainable development. This study investigates the effects of economic growth and forest product exports (FEXP) on the forest load capacity factor (FLCF) in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries over the 1992–2022 period while incorporating biomass energy within the framework of the novel Load Capacity Curve for Deforestation (LCC<sub>d</sub>) hypothesis. The BRICS countries were selected because of their substantial share of global forest resources and their significant contribution to global CO₂ emissions. The analysis employs the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) approach, which is robust to non-normal data distributions and effectively captures distributional heterogeneity and nonlinear relationships. The empirical findings confirm the LCC<sub>d</sub> hypothesis, indicating a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and FLCF. Furthermore, forest product exports and biomass energy are found to improve FLCF, thereby promoting forest sustainability. These findings suggest that policymakers should increase investments in renewable energy, particularly biomass energy, strengthen certification systems for forest product exports, and allocate export revenues to reforestation initiatives to promote the long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems.</p>

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Investigating the relationship between economic growth, forest product exports, and forest load capacity factor in BRICS: a new perspective based on the load capacity curve for deforestation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Tunahan Haciimamoglu,
  • Dogan Kesap,
  • Oguzhan Sungur

摘要

The increasing impacts of climate change and environmental degradation have made the sustainability of forest ecosystems a global priority. Growing threats to environmental and economic sustainability have also directed recent research in economics and environmental management toward sustainable development. This study investigates the effects of economic growth and forest product exports (FEXP) on the forest load capacity factor (FLCF) in BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries over the 1992–2022 period while incorporating biomass energy within the framework of the novel Load Capacity Curve for Deforestation (LCCd) hypothesis. The BRICS countries were selected because of their substantial share of global forest resources and their significant contribution to global CO₂ emissions. The analysis employs the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) approach, which is robust to non-normal data distributions and effectively captures distributional heterogeneity and nonlinear relationships. The empirical findings confirm the LCCd hypothesis, indicating a U-shaped relationship between economic growth and FLCF. Furthermore, forest product exports and biomass energy are found to improve FLCF, thereby promoting forest sustainability. These findings suggest that policymakers should increase investments in renewable energy, particularly biomass energy, strengthen certification systems for forest product exports, and allocate export revenues to reforestation initiatives to promote the long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems.