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<p>The selection of suitable mixed species is key to optimizing the effects of interspecies mixing and regulating interspecific relationships. The mixing effects of species can vary at different stages of growth, influencing the underlying mechanisms of growth. Leaves, fine roots, soil, and microorganisms are the important factors affecting mixed forest growth. Therefore, we selected three ages of pure stands of <i>Pinus massoniana</i> Lamb. (<i>P. massoniana</i>), <i>Schima superba</i> Gardner &amp; Champ. (<i>S. superba</i>), and mixed forests of <i>S. superba</i>-<i>P. massoniana</i> in southeastern China as research subjects. We measured 21 traits of leaves, fine roots, and soil in response to mixing, focusing on the relationship between soil and microorganisms. Compared to pure forests, our results suggested that the mixing did not significantly affect the growth of <i>S. superba</i> and <i>P. massoniana</i>. Leaf, fine root, and soil traits did not consistently respond to mixing at different ages in the two species. Mantel analyses revealed that bacterial and fungal communities had different implications on the soil properties of the three stands. Redundancy analyses showed that leaf, fine root, and soil nutrients differed among tree species on forest growth. Structural equation modeling showed that mixing mainly affects soil microorganisms, fine roots, and leaves nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of <i>S. superba</i>, whereas, mixing effects of <i>P. massoniana</i> growth were primarily mediated by stand age and indirectly through effects on surface soil nutrients, microorganisms, and some leaf traits. Our study provides a theoretical framework for efficiently managing <i>S. superba</i> and <i>P. massoniana</i> mixed forests, enhancing our overall understanding of the impact of species mixing on plants.</p>

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Tree traits and soil environment in a mixed stand of Schima superba and Pinus massoniana are mainly influenced by stand age

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月21日

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  • Shushu Yao,
  • Chaobin Xu,
  • Josep Peñuelas,
  • Fengna Liang,
  • Xue Zhang,
  • Yuanwang Chen,
  • Lei Tang,
  • Dongliang Cheng,
  • Quanlin Zhong

摘要

The selection of suitable mixed species is key to optimizing the effects of interspecies mixing and regulating interspecific relationships. The mixing effects of species can vary at different stages of growth, influencing the underlying mechanisms of growth. Leaves, fine roots, soil, and microorganisms are the important factors affecting mixed forest growth. Therefore, we selected three ages of pure stands of Pinus massoniana Lamb. (P. massoniana), Schima superba Gardner & Champ. (S. superba), and mixed forests of S. superba-P. massoniana in southeastern China as research subjects. We measured 21 traits of leaves, fine roots, and soil in response to mixing, focusing on the relationship between soil and microorganisms. Compared to pure forests, our results suggested that the mixing did not significantly affect the growth of S. superba and P. massoniana. Leaf, fine root, and soil traits did not consistently respond to mixing at different ages in the two species. Mantel analyses revealed that bacterial and fungal communities had different implications on the soil properties of the three stands. Redundancy analyses showed that leaf, fine root, and soil nutrients differed among tree species on forest growth. Structural equation modeling showed that mixing mainly affects soil microorganisms, fine roots, and leaves nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of S. superba, whereas, mixing effects of P. massoniana growth were primarily mediated by stand age and indirectly through effects on surface soil nutrients, microorganisms, and some leaf traits. Our study provides a theoretical framework for efficiently managing S. superba and P. massoniana mixed forests, enhancing our overall understanding of the impact of species mixing on plants.