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<p>Understanding phenological development is essential for optimizing management practices in ultra-high-density planting (UHDP) systems and improving productivity in guava orchards. The present study was conducted during 2023–24 and 2024–25 on the Mrig bahar crop at the research farm of the Precision Farming Development Centre (PFDC), Department of Fruit Science, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh to characterize and compare the phenological behaviour of three guava (Psidium guajava&#xa0;L.) cultivars under UHDP conditions using the BBCH scale. Sixteen distinct phenological stages were identified and documented, encompassing bud dormancy, vegetative growth, flowering, fruit set, fruit development, physiological maturity, and fruit ripening. Significant varietal differences were observed in the timing and duration of developmental stages. Among the cultivars evaluated, ‘Lalit’ consistently exhibited the earliest initiation and fastest progression through all phenophases, including bud break, leaf emergence, shoot elongation, floral initiation, anthesis, fruit set, fruit enlargement, maturity, and ripening, indicating a&#xa0;shorter crop cycle and early harvest potential. ‘Shweta’ showed intermediate phenological behaviour, whereas ‘Lucknow-49’ recorded delayed onset and extended duration of most growth and reproductive stages, reflecting a&#xa0;comparatively longer crop cycle. The standardized phenological characterization generated through the BBCH framework provides a&#xa0;valuable reference for precise orchard management under UHDP systems. The findings facilitate optimized scheduling of irrigation, fertigation, pruning, and plant growth regulator applications, while supporting cultivar selection, crop forecasting, labour management, and staggered harvesting strategies. This study contributes to the development of precision management practices for intensive guava cultivation and offers practical insights for enhancing productivity and profitability in UHDP orchards.</p>

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Exploring the Phenological Dynamics of Different Guava (Psidium Guajava L.) Varieties Under an Ultra-High-Density Planting System

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Kajal Sahu,
  • Ghanshyam Sahu,
  • Sarita Agrawal,
  • Pushpa Lata Tirkey,
  • Kunti Banjare,
  • Swati Shukla,
  • Krishna,
  • Govind Shiurkar

摘要

Understanding phenological development is essential for optimizing management practices in ultra-high-density planting (UHDP) systems and improving productivity in guava orchards. The present study was conducted during 2023–24 and 2024–25 on the Mrig bahar crop at the research farm of the Precision Farming Development Centre (PFDC), Department of Fruit Science, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh to characterize and compare the phenological behaviour of three guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivars under UHDP conditions using the BBCH scale. Sixteen distinct phenological stages were identified and documented, encompassing bud dormancy, vegetative growth, flowering, fruit set, fruit development, physiological maturity, and fruit ripening. Significant varietal differences were observed in the timing and duration of developmental stages. Among the cultivars evaluated, ‘Lalit’ consistently exhibited the earliest initiation and fastest progression through all phenophases, including bud break, leaf emergence, shoot elongation, floral initiation, anthesis, fruit set, fruit enlargement, maturity, and ripening, indicating a shorter crop cycle and early harvest potential. ‘Shweta’ showed intermediate phenological behaviour, whereas ‘Lucknow-49’ recorded delayed onset and extended duration of most growth and reproductive stages, reflecting a comparatively longer crop cycle. The standardized phenological characterization generated through the BBCH framework provides a valuable reference for precise orchard management under UHDP systems. The findings facilitate optimized scheduling of irrigation, fertigation, pruning, and plant growth regulator applications, while supporting cultivar selection, crop forecasting, labour management, and staggered harvesting strategies. This study contributes to the development of precision management practices for intensive guava cultivation and offers practical insights for enhancing productivity and profitability in UHDP orchards.