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<p>This study was carried out on the walnut cultivars ‘Bilecik’, ‘Chandler’, ‘Franquette’, ‘Maraş&#xa0;12’, and ‘Pedro’. The aim was to determine several parameters during the vegetation period. In addition, the effects of seasonal changes in the main proximate composition of kernels (protein, crude fat, and ash) and their relationships with each other at harvest were investigated. Nut quality characteristics and kernel mineral contents of different walnut cultivars were also evaluated. Nut width, length, green hull weight, kernel weight, and differences in protein, crude fat, and ash contents in the kernel were determined in the study for 4&#xa0;months starting from June&#xa0;15. In addition, some nut and kernel properties and mineral (macro- and micro-element) contents in kernel were determined at harvest. In the first period (June&#xa0;15), kernel weight increased rapidly in ‘Bilecik’ and ‘Maraş&#xa0;12’. By July&#xa0;15, these two cultivars had already formed most of their kernel weight. At the same time, kernel protein content was higher in ‘Bilecik’ and ‘Maraş&#xa0;12’ compared with the other cultivars. On August&#xa0;15, while the increase in kernel weight stopped in almost all cultivars, protein content started to stabilize increasingly in the last period (September&#xa0;15). Under Isparta conditions, the most suitable walnut cultivars were ‘Maraş&#xa0;12’, ‘Chandler’, and ‘Bilecik’. Although the ‘Pedro’ variety was superior in macro- and micro-element contents and generally micro-element contents, it lagged behind the other cultivars in terms of both quality of nut and kernel. Therefore, ‘Maraş&#xa0;12’, ‘Chandler’, and ‘Bilecik’ cultivars can be recommended for commercial walnut production under Isparta ecological conditions, whereas ‘Pedro’ may be considered a&#xa0;valuable genetic resource for breeding programs aimed at improving kernel mineral composition.</p>

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Quality and Mineral Contents of Some Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Cultivars: Nut Development and Interactions with Protein, Ash, and Crude Fat of the Kernel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月7日

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  • Fatma Koyuncu,
  • Yadigar Kaşık,
  • Melike Çetinbaş

摘要

This study was carried out on the walnut cultivars ‘Bilecik’, ‘Chandler’, ‘Franquette’, ‘Maraş 12’, and ‘Pedro’. The aim was to determine several parameters during the vegetation period. In addition, the effects of seasonal changes in the main proximate composition of kernels (protein, crude fat, and ash) and their relationships with each other at harvest were investigated. Nut quality characteristics and kernel mineral contents of different walnut cultivars were also evaluated. Nut width, length, green hull weight, kernel weight, and differences in protein, crude fat, and ash contents in the kernel were determined in the study for 4 months starting from June 15. In addition, some nut and kernel properties and mineral (macro- and micro-element) contents in kernel were determined at harvest. In the first period (June 15), kernel weight increased rapidly in ‘Bilecik’ and ‘Maraş 12’. By July 15, these two cultivars had already formed most of their kernel weight. At the same time, kernel protein content was higher in ‘Bilecik’ and ‘Maraş 12’ compared with the other cultivars. On August 15, while the increase in kernel weight stopped in almost all cultivars, protein content started to stabilize increasingly in the last period (September 15). Under Isparta conditions, the most suitable walnut cultivars were ‘Maraş 12’, ‘Chandler’, and ‘Bilecik’. Although the ‘Pedro’ variety was superior in macro- and micro-element contents and generally micro-element contents, it lagged behind the other cultivars in terms of both quality of nut and kernel. Therefore, ‘Maraş 12’, ‘Chandler’, and ‘Bilecik’ cultivars can be recommended for commercial walnut production under Isparta ecological conditions, whereas ‘Pedro’ may be considered a valuable genetic resource for breeding programs aimed at improving kernel mineral composition.