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<p>Postharvest losses of fresh fruit remain a&#xa0;major challenge for global supply chains, particularly for high-value commodities such as apples and berries that differ markedly in physiology and storage potential. Increasing regulatory pressure and consumer concerns over chemical residues have accelerated the development of nonchemical postharvest technologies aimed at extending shelf life while preserving quality attributes. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 40&#xa0;peer-reviewed studies to evaluate how these technologies influence physical quality, nutritional retention, microbial control, and storage longevity in apples and berries. The reviewed approaches encompass atmospheric modification strategies, plasma-based treatments, radiation technologies, edible coatings, and advanced temperature management. The analysis reveals clear fruit-specific responses: Metabolic suppression through controlled or dynamic atmospheres is most effective for long-term apple storage, whereas berries benefit primarily from surface-oriented interventions and physical barriers that mitigate rapid decay and moisture loss. Across technologies, outcomes are strongly governed by dose–response relationships, with mild treatments often inducing beneficial stress responses that enhance antioxidant stability, while excessive intensities lead to tissue damage and bioactive compound degradation. A&#xa0;consistent finding is the superior performance of combination approaches, where complementary mechanisms jointly improve microbial safety and quality preservation beyond what single treatments achieve. Temperature stability emerges as a&#xa0;critical enabling factor, as even advanced technologies show diminished efficacy under suboptimal cold-chain conditions. By integrating quantitative evidence across diverse interventions and fruit types, this review clarifies mechanistic trade-offs and identifies practical parameter ranges that support nonchemical preservation strategies as viable alternatives to conventional chemical controls in commercial apple and berry storage systems.</p>

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Nonchemical Postharvest Technologies for Apples and Berries: Quality and Shelf Life Outcomes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Yuhong Zheng,
  • Li Fu,
  • Hassan Karimi-Maleh

摘要

Postharvest losses of fresh fruit remain a major challenge for global supply chains, particularly for high-value commodities such as apples and berries that differ markedly in physiology and storage potential. Increasing regulatory pressure and consumer concerns over chemical residues have accelerated the development of nonchemical postharvest technologies aimed at extending shelf life while preserving quality attributes. This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 40 peer-reviewed studies to evaluate how these technologies influence physical quality, nutritional retention, microbial control, and storage longevity in apples and berries. The reviewed approaches encompass atmospheric modification strategies, plasma-based treatments, radiation technologies, edible coatings, and advanced temperature management. The analysis reveals clear fruit-specific responses: Metabolic suppression through controlled or dynamic atmospheres is most effective for long-term apple storage, whereas berries benefit primarily from surface-oriented interventions and physical barriers that mitigate rapid decay and moisture loss. Across technologies, outcomes are strongly governed by dose–response relationships, with mild treatments often inducing beneficial stress responses that enhance antioxidant stability, while excessive intensities lead to tissue damage and bioactive compound degradation. A consistent finding is the superior performance of combination approaches, where complementary mechanisms jointly improve microbial safety and quality preservation beyond what single treatments achieve. Temperature stability emerges as a critical enabling factor, as even advanced technologies show diminished efficacy under suboptimal cold-chain conditions. By integrating quantitative evidence across diverse interventions and fruit types, this review clarifies mechanistic trade-offs and identifies practical parameter ranges that support nonchemical preservation strategies as viable alternatives to conventional chemical controls in commercial apple and berry storage systems.