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<p>Gametophytic self-incompatibility, a&#xa0;natural mechanism present in pear and other fruit tree species, is typically regulated by the S‑locus with allelic variations (S<sup>1</sup>, S<sup>2</sup>, and S<sup>n</sup>). Recently, biochemical, and genetic techniques have been used to identify S‑genotypes in many crop species. This study involved the development of S‑allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers aimed at 27&#xa0;previously identified S‑RNase alleles to facilitate accurate genotyping. Primers were developed using unique nucleotide sequences that preferentially amplify regions associated with their respective S‑alleles, providing precise and efficient S‑genotype identification for enhanced breeding efficiency. Three Asian cultivars, ‘Kashmiri Nakh’ (S<sup>c</sup>/S<sup>d</sup>), ‘Badshah Nakh’ (S<sup>2</sup>/S<sup>8</sup>), and ‘Kosui’ (S<sup>4</sup>/S<sup>5</sup>), exhibited no shared S‑alleles, indicating complete compatibility among them. Two European cultivars, ‘William Bartlett’ (S<sup>101</sup>/S<sup>102</sup>) and ‘Starkrimson’ (S<sup>101</sup>/S<sup>108</sup>), had one shared S‑allele, indicating partial compatibility. The S‑allele-specific primer pairs created in this study will facilitate effective S‑genotyping and enhance marker-assisted selection in pear breeding. These findings, together with previous studies on S‑allele genotyping, anticipate the possibility of new cases of cross-incompatibility for this crop in the future. The method described and the determination of S‑genotypes will facilitate the characterization of self- and cross-incompatibility relationships in this species.</p> Graphic abstract <p></p>

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Molecular Identification of S-Alleles Conferring Self-Incompatibility in Selected Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Varieties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月20日

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  • Suraj Kumar,
  • Rouf Parray,
  • Wasim H. Raja,
  • Rayees Ahmad Wani,
  • Iqra Qureshi,
  • Sajad Un Nabi,
  • M. K. Verma,
  • Javid I. Mir,
  • Salwee Yasmin

摘要

Gametophytic self-incompatibility, a natural mechanism present in pear and other fruit tree species, is typically regulated by the S‑locus with allelic variations (S1, S2, and Sn). Recently, biochemical, and genetic techniques have been used to identify S‑genotypes in many crop species. This study involved the development of S‑allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers aimed at 27 previously identified S‑RNase alleles to facilitate accurate genotyping. Primers were developed using unique nucleotide sequences that preferentially amplify regions associated with their respective S‑alleles, providing precise and efficient S‑genotype identification for enhanced breeding efficiency. Three Asian cultivars, ‘Kashmiri Nakh’ (Sc/Sd), ‘Badshah Nakh’ (S2/S8), and ‘Kosui’ (S4/S5), exhibited no shared S‑alleles, indicating complete compatibility among them. Two European cultivars, ‘William Bartlett’ (S101/S102) and ‘Starkrimson’ (S101/S108), had one shared S‑allele, indicating partial compatibility. The S‑allele-specific primer pairs created in this study will facilitate effective S‑genotyping and enhance marker-assisted selection in pear breeding. These findings, together with previous studies on S‑allele genotyping, anticipate the possibility of new cases of cross-incompatibility for this crop in the future. The method described and the determination of S‑genotypes will facilitate the characterization of self- and cross-incompatibility relationships in this species.

Graphic abstract