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<p>Sodicity is a&#xa0;major abiotic constraint that limits banana (<i>Musa</i> spp.) growth, physiology and yield by impairing nutrient uptake, water relations and cellular integrity. The present study systematically evaluated thirteen banana genotypes, Poovan, Udhaiyam, Karpooravalli, Kaveri Saba, CO3, Kaveri Haritha, Kaveri Kalki, Monthan, Nendran, Rasthali, Kuttakarpooram, Adukku Monthan, and Grand Naine under sodic field conditions in a&#xa0;Randomized Block Design with three replications. Morphological traits, including plant height, pseudo stem girth, leaf number, and phyllocron value, were assessed alongside physiological, biochemical, antioxidant, mineral and microscopic parameters. Kaveri Saba and Kaveri Kalki exhibited superior morphological vigour, enhanced chlorophyll content (1.42 and 1.38 mg&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>), higher Chlorophyll Stability Index (79.87% and 78.45%) and increased proline accumulation (123.9 and 124.6 μg&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>). Antioxidant defense enzymes catalase (4.86 and 4.72 μg&#xa0;H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>&#xa0;min⁻<sup>1</sup>&#xa0;g⁻<sup>1</sup>) and peroxidase (3.63 and 3.57 units) were markedly elevated in these genotypes, reflecting robust stress mitigation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed well-preserved root tissues, intact parenchyma, and abundant pores, supporting efficient water and nutrient uptake under sodic stress. Consequently, Kaveri Saba and Kaveri Kalki achieved the highest yield, with bunch weights of 20.4 and 19.2 kg and total yields of 48.2 and 47.3 t&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup>, whereas susceptible genotypes such as Grand Naine exhibited compromised growth, physiology and yield. The integration of morphological, physiological, biochemical and anatomical traits underscores the mechanisms of sodicity tolerance and identifies Kaveri Saba and Kaveri Kalki as elite genotypes for high-yielding, sustainable banana production in sodic soils.</p>

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Evaluation of Banana (Musa sp.) Genotypes for Growth and Yield Under Sodic Soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月14日

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  • J. Kalaivani,
  • V. Jegadeeswari,
  • K. R. Vijayalatha

摘要

Sodicity is a major abiotic constraint that limits banana (Musa spp.) growth, physiology and yield by impairing nutrient uptake, water relations and cellular integrity. The present study systematically evaluated thirteen banana genotypes, Poovan, Udhaiyam, Karpooravalli, Kaveri Saba, CO3, Kaveri Haritha, Kaveri Kalki, Monthan, Nendran, Rasthali, Kuttakarpooram, Adukku Monthan, and Grand Naine under sodic field conditions in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Morphological traits, including plant height, pseudo stem girth, leaf number, and phyllocron value, were assessed alongside physiological, biochemical, antioxidant, mineral and microscopic parameters. Kaveri Saba and Kaveri Kalki exhibited superior morphological vigour, enhanced chlorophyll content (1.42 and 1.38 mg g⁻1), higher Chlorophyll Stability Index (79.87% and 78.45%) and increased proline accumulation (123.9 and 124.6 μg g⁻1). Antioxidant defense enzymes catalase (4.86 and 4.72 μg H2O2 min⁻1 g⁻1) and peroxidase (3.63 and 3.57 units) were markedly elevated in these genotypes, reflecting robust stress mitigation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed well-preserved root tissues, intact parenchyma, and abundant pores, supporting efficient water and nutrient uptake under sodic stress. Consequently, Kaveri Saba and Kaveri Kalki achieved the highest yield, with bunch weights of 20.4 and 19.2 kg and total yields of 48.2 and 47.3 t ha⁻1, whereas susceptible genotypes such as Grand Naine exhibited compromised growth, physiology and yield. The integration of morphological, physiological, biochemical and anatomical traits underscores the mechanisms of sodicity tolerance and identifies Kaveri Saba and Kaveri Kalki as elite genotypes for high-yielding, sustainable banana production in sodic soils.