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<p>The Mediterranean fruit fly, <i>Ceratitis capitata</i>, is a&#xa0;highly invasive pest whose ability to establish in inland regions with continental climates remains an active area of research, particularly under field conditions. This study investigated the seasonal population dynamics of <i>C.&#xa0;capitata</i> in Uşak, Türkiye, where harsh winter conditions pose significant constraints on overwintering survival. Monitoring was conducted in two orchards during 2024 and 2025, and population development was evaluated using trap captures, temperature records, and degree-day (DD) accumulation. Our results demonstrated that minimum winter temperatures in Uşak frequently fell below 0 °C, reaching as low as −13 °C, conditions incompatible with the survival of any life stage. Accordingly, no evidence supported the formation of a&#xa0;resident overwintering population. In 2024, 2731 adults were captured, with population peaks in late August and October. DD analysis indicated that, following an introduction in April, up to four generations could be completed between July and October, consistent with trap-capture patterns. In 2025, however, an April frost destroyed early-season hosts, preventing propagule establishment and resulting in zero captures. The findings suggest that medfly occurrences are sporadic and driven primarily by propagule pressure associated with host-fruit shipments from warmer coastal regions such as Antalya. Targeting early propagule introduction, especially in years with milder winters, may improve management strategies in inland regions.</p>

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Seasonal Reinfestation of Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Continental Climates: The Role of Fruit Transport in Uşak Province

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Erdal Zengin

摘要

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, is a highly invasive pest whose ability to establish in inland regions with continental climates remains an active area of research, particularly under field conditions. This study investigated the seasonal population dynamics of C. capitata in Uşak, Türkiye, where harsh winter conditions pose significant constraints on overwintering survival. Monitoring was conducted in two orchards during 2024 and 2025, and population development was evaluated using trap captures, temperature records, and degree-day (DD) accumulation. Our results demonstrated that minimum winter temperatures in Uşak frequently fell below 0 °C, reaching as low as −13 °C, conditions incompatible with the survival of any life stage. Accordingly, no evidence supported the formation of a resident overwintering population. In 2024, 2731 adults were captured, with population peaks in late August and October. DD analysis indicated that, following an introduction in April, up to four generations could be completed between July and October, consistent with trap-capture patterns. In 2025, however, an April frost destroyed early-season hosts, preventing propagule establishment and resulting in zero captures. The findings suggest that medfly occurrences are sporadic and driven primarily by propagule pressure associated with host-fruit shipments from warmer coastal regions such as Antalya. Targeting early propagule introduction, especially in years with milder winters, may improve management strategies in inland regions.