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<p>Field evaluation of three micropropagated date palm cultivars—‘Samany,’ ‘Bertamoda,’ and ‘Barhi’—was carried out under agroclimatic conditions in Khairpur, Pakistan. Vegetative growth, bunch characteristics, and fruit physical traits were recorded 5&#xa0;years after field planting. Significant cultivar-dependent differences were observed for most traits. Cultivar ‘Samany’ presented superior fruit characteristics, with the highest fruit weight (34.4 g), fruit length (5.3 cm), and pulp-to-fruit ratio (92.44%). Cultivar ‘Bertamoda’ presented the highest vegetative growth and reproductive capacity, with the longest leaves (347 cm), the highest number of strings per bunch&#xa0;(61), and the greatest fruit retention per bunch (1795). Cultivar ‘Barhi’ generally displayed intermediate performance for most traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first two components explained 92.7% of the total phenotypic variation, where PC1 separated vegetative growth traits between fruit and seed size attributes, while PC2 represented bunch productivity traits. K‑means clustering grouped the samples into three distinct clusters corresponding to the three cultivars, confirming their phenotypic distinctness. Correlation analysis revealed a&#xa0;strong positive relationship among fruit and seed traits, particularly between fruit diameter and seed diameter (<i>r</i> = 0.99). Overall, the results demonstrate that the agroclimatic conditions of Khairpur are suitable for successful cultivation of these micropropagated cultivars, which exhibit stable phenotypic performance and true-to-type morphological characteristics. This research supports the commercial cultivation of these exotic date palm cultivars to diversify the varietal composition of date palm orchards in Pakistan.</p>

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Evaluation of Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Micropropagated Date Palm Cultivars ‘Samany,’ ‘Bertamoda,’ and ‘Barhi’ Under Agroclimatic Conditions of Khairpur, Pakistan

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月30日

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  • Najamuddin Solangi,
  • Adel Ahmed Abul-Soad,
  • Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi,
  • Abdul Aziz Mirani

摘要

Field evaluation of three micropropagated date palm cultivars—‘Samany,’ ‘Bertamoda,’ and ‘Barhi’—was carried out under agroclimatic conditions in Khairpur, Pakistan. Vegetative growth, bunch characteristics, and fruit physical traits were recorded 5 years after field planting. Significant cultivar-dependent differences were observed for most traits. Cultivar ‘Samany’ presented superior fruit characteristics, with the highest fruit weight (34.4 g), fruit length (5.3 cm), and pulp-to-fruit ratio (92.44%). Cultivar ‘Bertamoda’ presented the highest vegetative growth and reproductive capacity, with the longest leaves (347 cm), the highest number of strings per bunch (61), and the greatest fruit retention per bunch (1795). Cultivar ‘Barhi’ generally displayed intermediate performance for most traits. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first two components explained 92.7% of the total phenotypic variation, where PC1 separated vegetative growth traits between fruit and seed size attributes, while PC2 represented bunch productivity traits. K‑means clustering grouped the samples into three distinct clusters corresponding to the three cultivars, confirming their phenotypic distinctness. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship among fruit and seed traits, particularly between fruit diameter and seed diameter (r = 0.99). Overall, the results demonstrate that the agroclimatic conditions of Khairpur are suitable for successful cultivation of these micropropagated cultivars, which exhibit stable phenotypic performance and true-to-type morphological characteristics. This research supports the commercial cultivation of these exotic date palm cultivars to diversify the varietal composition of date palm orchards in Pakistan.