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<p>This study investigated the distribution of fig pollinator wasps (<i>Blastophaga psenes</i>) in Fars Province, Iran, focusing on ecological and geostatistical factors. Data were collected from 175 samples in different regions of Fars Province, including Estahban, Khafr, Sarvestan, Kavar, and Shiraz counties during the spring of 2022–2023. The data were analyzed using spatial analysis methods, including isotropic and anisotropic semivariograms, as well as ecological indices such as the infaunal trophic index (ITI), the ecological balance index (EBI), and the ecosystem resilience index (ERI). The results indicated a&#xa0;significant correlation of −0.658 between the ITI and EBI, suggesting that fruit contamination by wasps adversely affects wasp density. Additionally, the quality of the ecosystem was found to significantly influence wasp distribution. Highly dense areas of wasps were mainly concentrated in the fertile plains of Estahban and Sarvestan with deep soil and good drainage, while low-density areas were located in the high and dry lands of Eij and Khafr with unfavorable environmental conditions. Factor analysis showed that the first factor (overall ecosystem suitability) explained 81.146% of the variance in the data, highlighting the importance of habitat improvement in the sustainability of the wasp populations. These findings provide a&#xa0;scientific framework for designing conservation strategies based on habitat improvement and the reduction of environmental pressures.</p>

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Distribution Model of Fig Pollinator Wasps (Blastophaga psenes) in Fig Orchards of Fars Province, Iran: The Role of Ecological and Geostatistical Factors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月6日

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  • Hadi Karimipour Fard,
  • Masoud Latifian,
  • Hamid Zare,
  • Nazanin Doryanizadeh

摘要

This study investigated the distribution of fig pollinator wasps (Blastophaga psenes) in Fars Province, Iran, focusing on ecological and geostatistical factors. Data were collected from 175 samples in different regions of Fars Province, including Estahban, Khafr, Sarvestan, Kavar, and Shiraz counties during the spring of 2022–2023. The data were analyzed using spatial analysis methods, including isotropic and anisotropic semivariograms, as well as ecological indices such as the infaunal trophic index (ITI), the ecological balance index (EBI), and the ecosystem resilience index (ERI). The results indicated a significant correlation of −0.658 between the ITI and EBI, suggesting that fruit contamination by wasps adversely affects wasp density. Additionally, the quality of the ecosystem was found to significantly influence wasp distribution. Highly dense areas of wasps were mainly concentrated in the fertile plains of Estahban and Sarvestan with deep soil and good drainage, while low-density areas were located in the high and dry lands of Eij and Khafr with unfavorable environmental conditions. Factor analysis showed that the first factor (overall ecosystem suitability) explained 81.146% of the variance in the data, highlighting the importance of habitat improvement in the sustainability of the wasp populations. These findings provide a scientific framework for designing conservation strategies based on habitat improvement and the reduction of environmental pressures.