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<p>Efficient organic manure management is particularly important in orchards and greenhouses, where spatial constraints require compact, precise, and adaptable application machinery. This study presents the development and performance evaluation of a&#xa0;self-loading, variable-rate manure spreader designed for these conditions. The tractor-mounted prototype integrates a&#xa0;hydraulically tiltable hopper that enables direct manure collection from the ground and a&#xa0;hydraulically driven spreading system capable of single- and dual-row application with adjustable working width. Field experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, using a&#xa0;replicated experimental design, to evaluate machine performance across different operating speeds and spreading configurations. The results demonstrated manure application rates ranging from 2.80 to 16.50 t/ha and effective field capacities between 0.177 and 0.713 ha/h. Statistical analysis revealed that the effects of operating parameters on application rate and field capacity were significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). Distribution uniformity was consistently high, with coefficients of variation not exceeding 8.2%, well within acceptable agricultural standards. The results indicate that the proposed system provides a&#xa0;practical and efficient solution for precision organic fertilization in orchard and greenhouse environments.</p>

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Development and Performance Evaluation of a Self-Loading Variable-Rate Manure Spreader for Orchards and Greenhouses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • Davut Karayel,
  • Murad Çanakcı,
  • Emrah Arıcan,
  • İsa Karadayı,
  • Osman Yaldız

摘要

Efficient organic manure management is particularly important in orchards and greenhouses, where spatial constraints require compact, precise, and adaptable application machinery. This study presents the development and performance evaluation of a self-loading, variable-rate manure spreader designed for these conditions. The tractor-mounted prototype integrates a hydraulically tiltable hopper that enables direct manure collection from the ground and a hydraulically driven spreading system capable of single- and dual-row application with adjustable working width. Field experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, using a replicated experimental design, to evaluate machine performance across different operating speeds and spreading configurations. The results demonstrated manure application rates ranging from 2.80 to 16.50 t/ha and effective field capacities between 0.177 and 0.713 ha/h. Statistical analysis revealed that the effects of operating parameters on application rate and field capacity were significant (P < 0.01). Distribution uniformity was consistently high, with coefficients of variation not exceeding 8.2%, well within acceptable agricultural standards. The results indicate that the proposed system provides a practical and efficient solution for precision organic fertilization in orchard and greenhouse environments.