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<p>Off-season fruit production presents a&#xa0;strategic approach to extend harvest periods, balance market supply and demand, and increase farmer profitability. This review explores the physiological, cultural, environmental, and genetic factors influencing off-season flowering and fruiting in tropical and subtropical fruit crops. Critical aspects include the physical and physiological status of the tree, nutrient imbalances, and the impact of environmental variables such as temperature, photoperiod, and humidity. Management strategies, including growth regulators, pruning, and advanced molecular tools such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas9), shown promise in manipulating flowering times. Studies in crops such as mango, guava, and pomegranate demonstrate the role of cultivar selection, soil management, and mulching in successful off-season production. However, challenges persist in the form of climate unpredictability, alternate bearing, lack of quality planting material, and inadequate infrastructure. Addressing these constraints through integrated, region-specific interventions and further research will be key to optimizing off-season fruit production in India and other similar agro-ecological regions.</p>

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Sustainable Approaches for Off-Season Production of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Crops

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月8日

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  • Ujjwal Singh,
  • Sukjai Dhar,
  • Rahul Singh Raghuvanshi,
  • Pritam Roy,
  • C. S. Maiti,
  • Rahul Pradhan,
  • Jatoth Uday Bhargav,
  • A. Sarkar

摘要

Off-season fruit production presents a strategic approach to extend harvest periods, balance market supply and demand, and increase farmer profitability. This review explores the physiological, cultural, environmental, and genetic factors influencing off-season flowering and fruiting in tropical and subtropical fruit crops. Critical aspects include the physical and physiological status of the tree, nutrient imbalances, and the impact of environmental variables such as temperature, photoperiod, and humidity. Management strategies, including growth regulators, pruning, and advanced molecular tools such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas9), shown promise in manipulating flowering times. Studies in crops such as mango, guava, and pomegranate demonstrate the role of cultivar selection, soil management, and mulching in successful off-season production. However, challenges persist in the form of climate unpredictability, alternate bearing, lack of quality planting material, and inadequate infrastructure. Addressing these constraints through integrated, region-specific interventions and further research will be key to optimizing off-season fruit production in India and other similar agro-ecological regions.