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<p>Citrus fruits are economically important crops cultivated globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. In India, the low-hill zones of Himachal Pradesh have emerged as significant citrus-producing areas. However, citrus productivity in the region is increasingly threatened by biotic stresses, notably plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). This study aimed to identify PPN species associated with citrus and assess their frequency and community composition across citrus orchards in Northwestern Himalaya. Surveys were conducted during 2023–2024 in nine orchards located in Hamirpur, Kangra, and Una districts. Soil samples were collected and processed using Cobb’s sieving and Schindler’s filtration techniques, followed by nematode identification using standard taxonomic keys. Community analysis was performed based on population metrics and prominence values. The investigation revealed six PPN species: <i>Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Meloidogyne incognita, Hoplolaimus indicus, Mesocriconema xenoplax</i>, and <i>Xiphinema</i> spp. Among these, <i>T.&#xa0;semipenetrans</i> was the most dominant, with a&#xa0;91.11% occurrence rate, followed by <i>H.&#xa0;dihystera</i> (88.89%) and <i>M.&#xa0;incognita</i> (87.78%). The highest relative prominence values were recorded for <i>T.&#xa0;semipenetrans</i> across all surveyed districts, indicating its widespread prevalence and impact on citrus orchards. The study provides critical baseline data on PPN distribution in the Northwestern Himalayas and underscores the need for integrated nematode management strategies to safeguard citrus production in the region.</p>

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Distribution, Occurrence, and Community Analysis of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Citrus Orchards of Northwestern Himalayas

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月11日

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  • Aayush Kaushal,
  • Sumit Vashisth

摘要

Citrus fruits are economically important crops cultivated globally, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. In India, the low-hill zones of Himachal Pradesh have emerged as significant citrus-producing areas. However, citrus productivity in the region is increasingly threatened by biotic stresses, notably plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). This study aimed to identify PPN species associated with citrus and assess their frequency and community composition across citrus orchards in Northwestern Himalaya. Surveys were conducted during 2023–2024 in nine orchards located in Hamirpur, Kangra, and Una districts. Soil samples were collected and processed using Cobb’s sieving and Schindler’s filtration techniques, followed by nematode identification using standard taxonomic keys. Community analysis was performed based on population metrics and prominence values. The investigation revealed six PPN species: Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Helicotylenchus dihystera, Meloidogyne incognita, Hoplolaimus indicus, Mesocriconema xenoplax, and Xiphinema spp. Among these, T. semipenetrans was the most dominant, with a 91.11% occurrence rate, followed by H. dihystera (88.89%) and M. incognita (87.78%). The highest relative prominence values were recorded for T. semipenetrans across all surveyed districts, indicating its widespread prevalence and impact on citrus orchards. The study provides critical baseline data on PPN distribution in the Northwestern Himalayas and underscores the need for integrated nematode management strategies to safeguard citrus production in the region.