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<p>The adult pear psyllid (<i>Cacopsylla pyri</i>) is a&#xa0;major pest of pear trees, causing reduced vigor, poor fruit quality, and pathogen transmission. This study evaluated antibiosis resistance in nine pear cultivars over 5&#xa0;years (2020–2024) using 12&#xa0;resistance indices, including the Blumberg index, population growth rate, and exploitable ecological potential. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 88.05% of variance was explained by two components: plant attractiveness to pests (48.75%) and repellent mechanisms/ecological stability (39.30%). Cluster analysis classified cultivars into four resistance groups: ‘Shah Miveh’ (very low resistance), ‘Darghazi’/ ‘Coscia’ (moderate), ‘Louise Bonne’/‘Harvest Queen’ (high), and ‘Natanzi’/ ‘Boheme’/‘Sebri’/‘Potomac’ (very high). Highly resistant cultivars exhibited distinct defense mechanisms against adult psyllids, including reduced feeding sites, impaired oviposition, and shortened adult longevity. Morphological traits such as leaf pubescence and bud structure contributed to resistance by physically limiting adult access to preferred tissues. The study identified significant negative correlations between flowering time and adult psyllid populations, suggesting phenological avoidance as an additional resistance strategy. Resistant cultivars showed significantly lower values in key indices such as population growth rate (3.86 vs. 12.98 in susceptible cultivars) and higher values in population decline index (15.72 vs. 1.90). These findings demonstrate how pear cultivars employ multiple defense strategies to combat adult psyllid infestation, providing valuable insights for integrated pest management programs.</p>

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Antibiosis Defense Strategies of Pear Cultivars to Adults of Pear Psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月11日

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  • Masoud Latifian,
  • Hamid Abdollahi

摘要

The adult pear psyllid (Cacopsylla pyri) is a major pest of pear trees, causing reduced vigor, poor fruit quality, and pathogen transmission. This study evaluated antibiosis resistance in nine pear cultivars over 5 years (2020–2024) using 12 resistance indices, including the Blumberg index, population growth rate, and exploitable ecological potential. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 88.05% of variance was explained by two components: plant attractiveness to pests (48.75%) and repellent mechanisms/ecological stability (39.30%). Cluster analysis classified cultivars into four resistance groups: ‘Shah Miveh’ (very low resistance), ‘Darghazi’/ ‘Coscia’ (moderate), ‘Louise Bonne’/‘Harvest Queen’ (high), and ‘Natanzi’/ ‘Boheme’/‘Sebri’/‘Potomac’ (very high). Highly resistant cultivars exhibited distinct defense mechanisms against adult psyllids, including reduced feeding sites, impaired oviposition, and shortened adult longevity. Morphological traits such as leaf pubescence and bud structure contributed to resistance by physically limiting adult access to preferred tissues. The study identified significant negative correlations between flowering time and adult psyllid populations, suggesting phenological avoidance as an additional resistance strategy. Resistant cultivars showed significantly lower values in key indices such as population growth rate (3.86 vs. 12.98 in susceptible cultivars) and higher values in population decline index (15.72 vs. 1.90). These findings demonstrate how pear cultivars employ multiple defense strategies to combat adult psyllid infestation, providing valuable insights for integrated pest management programs.