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<p>The widespread and unregulated use of pesticides has major consequences on the ecosystem’s integrity, human health, and the environment. This unregulated activity contaminates air, water, and food, resulting in an alarming surge in life-threatening illnesses. Food safety is a&#xa0;major public health concern, since pesticide exposure has been associated with immunotoxicity, neurological toxicity, birth abnormalities, carcinogenesis, and endocrine disruption. Guava is a&#xa0;highly valued crop and is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions; however, its cultivation is vulnerable to a&#xa0;variety of insect pests and fungal diseases. Farmers frequently employ chemical pesticides to combat such threats, raising concerns regarding residual contamination in the harvested produce. The present investigation was undertaken to quantify pesticide residues in four commercial guava cultivars, including ‘Gola’, ‘Surahi’, ‘Kerela’, and ‘Sundhuri red’, collected from the Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan. The samples were prepared and analyzed for pesticide residues utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All guava samples were contaminated with bifenthrin, dieldrin, chlorpyrifos, permethrin iso‑1, abamectin, lufenuron, and mandipropamid, with 100% of the samples exceeding the EU-established maximum residue limits (MRLs) for each pesticide. ‘Gola’ reported the highest values of residues for all pesticides investigated, including bifenthrin (4.82 mg/kg), dieldrin (0.53 mg/kg), indoxacarb (0.43 mg/kg), and chlorpyrifos (0.37 mg/kg). ‘Sundhuri red’ displayed the lowest residues across most pesticides, yet all exceeded the EU MRLs. These findings highlight the intensive usage of pesticides in guava cultivation, posing serious risks to consumer health and environmental sustainability in the region, emphasizing the urgent need for strict pesticide regulation and monitoring.</p>

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Quantitative Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Guava (Psidium guajava L.) Fruit by Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月18日

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  • Rashad Qadri,
  • Abdul Haseeb Ahmed,
  • Muhammad Umair Ashraf,
  • Muhammad Tahir Akram,
  • Khalid Hussain,
  • Muhammad Azam,
  • Muhammad Imran Khan,
  • Muhammad Mumtaz Khan

摘要

The widespread and unregulated use of pesticides has major consequences on the ecosystem’s integrity, human health, and the environment. This unregulated activity contaminates air, water, and food, resulting in an alarming surge in life-threatening illnesses. Food safety is a major public health concern, since pesticide exposure has been associated with immunotoxicity, neurological toxicity, birth abnormalities, carcinogenesis, and endocrine disruption. Guava is a highly valued crop and is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions; however, its cultivation is vulnerable to a variety of insect pests and fungal diseases. Farmers frequently employ chemical pesticides to combat such threats, raising concerns regarding residual contamination in the harvested produce. The present investigation was undertaken to quantify pesticide residues in four commercial guava cultivars, including ‘Gola’, ‘Surahi’, ‘Kerela’, and ‘Sundhuri red’, collected from the Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad, Pakistan. The samples were prepared and analyzed for pesticide residues utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All guava samples were contaminated with bifenthrin, dieldrin, chlorpyrifos, permethrin iso‑1, abamectin, lufenuron, and mandipropamid, with 100% of the samples exceeding the EU-established maximum residue limits (MRLs) for each pesticide. ‘Gola’ reported the highest values of residues for all pesticides investigated, including bifenthrin (4.82 mg/kg), dieldrin (0.53 mg/kg), indoxacarb (0.43 mg/kg), and chlorpyrifos (0.37 mg/kg). ‘Sundhuri red’ displayed the lowest residues across most pesticides, yet all exceeded the EU MRLs. These findings highlight the intensive usage of pesticides in guava cultivation, posing serious risks to consumer health and environmental sustainability in the region, emphasizing the urgent need for strict pesticide regulation and monitoring.