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<p>Better shape and calyx lobes are the most desirable trait for a&#xa0;better marketable price of ‘Delicious’ apple. The present study aims to determine the optimum dose of gibberellic acid&#xa0;4 + gibberellic acid&#xa0;7 + benzyladenine (GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA) for improving the fruiting, fruit shape index, calyx lobes and other fruit quality attributes of apple cv. ‘Jeromine’. The experiment consists of eight treatments: control (water spray) and GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA @&#xa0;30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 ppm, replicated thrice. The results revealed that highest fruit set (44.09%) was observed in trees sprayed with GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA @ 150 ppm (T<sub>6</sub>), whereas fruit retention (41.27%), fruit yield (12.98 kg/tree) and yield efficiency (0.50 kg/cm<sup>2</sup> TCSA) were recorded highest in GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA @ 90 ppm (T<sub>4</sub>). Fruit physical quality attributes such as fruit length (73.32 mm), fruit diameter (72.13 mm), length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio (1.02), fruit weight (185.69 g), and volume (195.04 cc) were also recorded maximum in T<sub>4</sub>. Fruit biochemical quality characteristics including total soluble sugars (TSS; 12.42 °Brix), TSS/acid ratio (21.08), ascorbic acid (4.47 mg/100 g), antioxidant activity (79.43%), total phenols (532.62 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content (43.52 mg/g) along with minimum titratable acidity (0.71%) were recorded maximum in trees subjected to GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA @ 90 ppm (T<sub>4</sub>). Maximum total sugars (9.23%) was recorded under T<sub>5</sub> (GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA @120 ppm). Thus, GA<sub>4+7</sub> + BA @ 90 ppm was found to be the most effective treatment for improving the fruit quality of ‘Delicious’ apple, whereas the higher concentration (&gt; 90 ppm) resulted in pigmy fruit under high density plantations.</p>

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Optimization of Yield and Fruit Quality Attributes of ‘Delicious’ Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh) Through GA4+7 + BA Sprays

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Rupam Nehta,
  • N. C. Sharma,
  • Pramod Verma,
  • Nitin Sharma

摘要

Better shape and calyx lobes are the most desirable trait for a better marketable price of ‘Delicious’ apple. The present study aims to determine the optimum dose of gibberellic acid 4 + gibberellic acid 7 + benzyladenine (GA4+7 + BA) for improving the fruiting, fruit shape index, calyx lobes and other fruit quality attributes of apple cv. ‘Jeromine’. The experiment consists of eight treatments: control (water spray) and GA4+7 + BA @ 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 ppm, replicated thrice. The results revealed that highest fruit set (44.09%) was observed in trees sprayed with GA4+7 + BA @ 150 ppm (T6), whereas fruit retention (41.27%), fruit yield (12.98 kg/tree) and yield efficiency (0.50 kg/cm2 TCSA) were recorded highest in GA4+7 + BA @ 90 ppm (T4). Fruit physical quality attributes such as fruit length (73.32 mm), fruit diameter (72.13 mm), length-to-diameter (L/D) ratio (1.02), fruit weight (185.69 g), and volume (195.04 cc) were also recorded maximum in T4. Fruit biochemical quality characteristics including total soluble sugars (TSS; 12.42 °Brix), TSS/acid ratio (21.08), ascorbic acid (4.47 mg/100 g), antioxidant activity (79.43%), total phenols (532.62 mg/100 g) and anthocyanin content (43.52 mg/g) along with minimum titratable acidity (0.71%) were recorded maximum in trees subjected to GA4+7 + BA @ 90 ppm (T4). Maximum total sugars (9.23%) was recorded under T5 (GA4+7 + BA @120 ppm). Thus, GA4+7 + BA @ 90 ppm was found to be the most effective treatment for improving the fruit quality of ‘Delicious’ apple, whereas the higher concentration (> 90 ppm) resulted in pigmy fruit under high density plantations.