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<p>Hazelnut is one of the most important and widely cultivated commercial species. However, hazelnut production depends on specific factors, such as natural conditions and the number of farmers. Hazelnut cultivation is closely linked to species characteristics, technical and cultural factors, as well as environmental conditions, particularly climate. In this context, this study makes a&#xa0;significant contribution to the literature by evaluating the global competitiveness of the hazelnut sector using the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage index and the Trade Dependency Index. Additionally, the study assesses various factors, including CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, hazelnut yield, export prices, and exchange rate fluctuations, utilising the Panel Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag model for the period 1992–2020 from multiple perspectives. The findings reveal that CO<sub>2</sub> emissions, export prices, and exchange rate fluctuations significantly affect hazelnut exports, indicating the sector’s sensitivity to environmental and economic changes. Furthermore, the analysis shows that hazelnut yield is a&#xa0;critical determinant of export performance, underscoring the importance of enhancing agricultural productivity. This study provides substantial contributions to the literature by examining the factors influencing hazelnut exports from a&#xa0;multidimensional perspective.</p>

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Global Hazelnut Export Dynamics: Assessment the Role of Environmental and Economic Factors with Panel NARDL Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Merve Mürüvvet Dağ,
  • Deniz Sarica

摘要

Hazelnut is one of the most important and widely cultivated commercial species. However, hazelnut production depends on specific factors, such as natural conditions and the number of farmers. Hazelnut cultivation is closely linked to species characteristics, technical and cultural factors, as well as environmental conditions, particularly climate. In this context, this study makes a significant contribution to the literature by evaluating the global competitiveness of the hazelnut sector using the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage index and the Trade Dependency Index. Additionally, the study assesses various factors, including CO2 emissions, hazelnut yield, export prices, and exchange rate fluctuations, utilising the Panel Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag model for the period 1992–2020 from multiple perspectives. The findings reveal that CO2 emissions, export prices, and exchange rate fluctuations significantly affect hazelnut exports, indicating the sector’s sensitivity to environmental and economic changes. Furthermore, the analysis shows that hazelnut yield is a critical determinant of export performance, underscoring the importance of enhancing agricultural productivity. This study provides substantial contributions to the literature by examining the factors influencing hazelnut exports from a multidimensional perspective.