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<p>Nano‑N is emerging as an agri-revolutionary tool offering a&#xa0;more precise and eco-friendly alternative to conventional nitrogen fertilizers. Applying nano‑N as a&#xa0;foliar spray during critical pheno-phases may enhance nutrient absorption, support robust growth, and boost fruit production while minimizing reliance on standard nitrogen inputs. A&#xa0;field study (2021–2022), examining the influence of graded levels of conventional urea and foliar sprays of nano-N: Recommended dose of nitrogen-RDN (T<sub>1</sub>), 70% of RDN + 2&#xa0;sprays of nano‑N (T<sub>2</sub>), 60% of RDN + 2&#xa0;sprays of nano‑N (T<sub>3</sub>), 50% of RDN + 2&#xa0;sprays of nano‑N (T<sub>4</sub>) and 40% of RDN + 2&#xa0;sprays of nano‑N (T<sub>5</sub>), on the physiological, flowering, and fruiting characteristics of apple trees was conducted. The experiment followed Randomized Block Design (RBD), with five treatments which were replicated four times. Nano‑N significantly improved aforementioned traits. Fruit set, productivity, anti-oxidant activity and fruit flavonoids were 4.55 and 7.00, 8.09 and 9.38, 4.69 and 6.51 and 18.82 and 26.93 per cent higher in T<sub>2</sub> and T<sub>3</sub> than control (T<sub>1</sub>). These treatments also reduced fruit drop by 12.90 and 15.18 per cent than control while displaying a&#xa0;positive and significant correlation between productivity and flowering traits. PCA yielded 3&#xa0;prime components, out of which 2 displayed 58.7 and 12.7% of the total variance. Application of 60–70% RDN along with two foliar sprays of 0.5% nano‑N at pink bud and petal fall stages was found to be efficient for optimizing productivity along with maintaining physiological and fruiting attributes in high-density apple orchards.</p>

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Nano-N Enabled Fruiting, Fruit Quality and Physiological Behaviour in Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) Under High Density Plantation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月10日

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  • Priyanka Chauhan,
  • N. C. Sharma,
  • D. P. Sharma,
  • Pramod Kumar,
  • Anjali Chauhan

摘要

Nano‑N is emerging as an agri-revolutionary tool offering a more precise and eco-friendly alternative to conventional nitrogen fertilizers. Applying nano‑N as a foliar spray during critical pheno-phases may enhance nutrient absorption, support robust growth, and boost fruit production while minimizing reliance on standard nitrogen inputs. A field study (2021–2022), examining the influence of graded levels of conventional urea and foliar sprays of nano-N: Recommended dose of nitrogen-RDN (T1), 70% of RDN + 2 sprays of nano‑N (T2), 60% of RDN + 2 sprays of nano‑N (T3), 50% of RDN + 2 sprays of nano‑N (T4) and 40% of RDN + 2 sprays of nano‑N (T5), on the physiological, flowering, and fruiting characteristics of apple trees was conducted. The experiment followed Randomized Block Design (RBD), with five treatments which were replicated four times. Nano‑N significantly improved aforementioned traits. Fruit set, productivity, anti-oxidant activity and fruit flavonoids were 4.55 and 7.00, 8.09 and 9.38, 4.69 and 6.51 and 18.82 and 26.93 per cent higher in T2 and T3 than control (T1). These treatments also reduced fruit drop by 12.90 and 15.18 per cent than control while displaying a positive and significant correlation between productivity and flowering traits. PCA yielded 3 prime components, out of which 2 displayed 58.7 and 12.7% of the total variance. Application of 60–70% RDN along with two foliar sprays of 0.5% nano‑N at pink bud and petal fall stages was found to be efficient for optimizing productivity along with maintaining physiological and fruiting attributes in high-density apple orchards.