<p>Litchi is an evergreen fruit crop which requires low temperatures during winter for panicle initiation. Flowering starts from February–March, and fruit ripens in May–June during summer in Eastern India. The production of litchi is affected by many physiological disorders such as flower and fruit drop, omission of male flowers (M₁), uneven flowering, irregular bearing, shy bearing, under-developed fruit, sunburn, fruit cracking in the field and pericarp browning during storage. Most of the flowers and fruitlets drop within 1&#xa0;month of fruit set. Omission of male flower (M₁) and uneven opening of female flowers, which drastically reduces fruit set and fruit retention and results in lowering litchi productivity, have recently been noticed. Sunburn and fruit cracking are very common in early litchi cultivars. Irregular bearing is a&#xa0;major problem in “‘China’ group cultivars” (‘China’, ‘Calcutia Late’, ‘Calcutia’, ‘CHES-II’ and ‘Surguja selection’) at any age of tree and young plants of ‘Shahi’ groups, whereas shy bearing is a&#xa0;major problem in “‘Bedana’ group cultivars”. These problems vary with position of the fruit in the tree, location of the tree in the field, genotypes, soil, special horticultural practices and orchard management and affect the quality and marketability of fruits. Knowledge of these problems is vital for sustainable production of good quality litchi fruit.</p>