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<p>Apple (<i>Malus domestica</i> Borkh.) holds significant economic importance as a&#xa0;temperate fruit in the North-Western Himalayan region, particularly in Himachal Pradesh, India. However, the presence of scale insects poses a&#xa0;substantial threat to apple cultivation, given their inconspicuous nature, minuscule size, basic morphology, polyphagous nature, and the fact that they often go undetected, making their management a&#xa0;global concern. Effective management strategies against these pests necessitate precise identification methods that are both straightforward and independent of developmental stages. To address this issue, we conducted a&#xa0;comprehensive study utilizing both morphological and molecular approaches, specifically targeting the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit&#xa0;I (<i>mtCOI</i>) sequencing. Through sequencing, we confirmed the identity of the scale insects as <i>Eulecanium tilae</i>, showcasing significant similarities with the species, affirming the species’ association with apple trees in this unique ecological niche. Notably, prior to this study, there were no documented reports of this species affecting apple trees in the cold desert of Spiti. This investigation not only contributes to our understanding of the biodiversity and molecular characteristics of scale insects but also establishes crucial groundwork for future endeavors in crop improvement programs and the development of integrated pest management strategies tailored to the specific challenges posed by <i>E.&#xa0;tiliae</i> in apple cultivation within the Western Himalayan cold desert ecosystem.</p>

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New Report of Eulecanium Tiliae L. Infestation in Apple Orchards of the Western Himalayan Cold Desert: Morphological and Molecular Insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Sumit Vashisth,
  • Sunil Joshi,
  • Sawraj Jit Singh,
  • Pankaj Kumar,
  • Madhurjit Singh Rathore,
  • Sudhir Verma

摘要

Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) holds significant economic importance as a temperate fruit in the North-Western Himalayan region, particularly in Himachal Pradesh, India. However, the presence of scale insects poses a substantial threat to apple cultivation, given their inconspicuous nature, minuscule size, basic morphology, polyphagous nature, and the fact that they often go undetected, making their management a global concern. Effective management strategies against these pests necessitate precise identification methods that are both straightforward and independent of developmental stages. To address this issue, we conducted a comprehensive study utilizing both morphological and molecular approaches, specifically targeting the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) sequencing. Through sequencing, we confirmed the identity of the scale insects as Eulecanium tilae, showcasing significant similarities with the species, affirming the species’ association with apple trees in this unique ecological niche. Notably, prior to this study, there were no documented reports of this species affecting apple trees in the cold desert of Spiti. This investigation not only contributes to our understanding of the biodiversity and molecular characteristics of scale insects but also establishes crucial groundwork for future endeavors in crop improvement programs and the development of integrated pest management strategies tailored to the specific challenges posed by E. tiliae in apple cultivation within the Western Himalayan cold desert ecosystem.