Optimization of Micropropagation of ARDA® ([Prunus dulcis × Prunus persica] × Prunus amygdalus) Rootstock in In Vitro Conditions
摘要
The Arda® rootstock, developed by Beta Fidancılık, is a preferred rootstock for Prunus species in modern fruit cultivation. The study was carried out to ensure micropropagation of Arda® rootstock under in vitro conditions. Propagation with the micropropagation technique provides rapid mass production in a short time, production can be done regardless of the vegetation period, and this propagation technique is of great importance as it provides clean plant material free from diseases and pests. Cytokinin and auxin hormones, which are plant growth regulating hormones, play an important role in micropropagation for shoot and root formation. The type and concentrations of cytokinin and auxin hormones may vary in the micropropagation of species and varieties. Different concentrations of cytokinin and auxin hormones were used in the study. Micro-cuttings were first transferred to shoot propagation medium with 0.5 mg L−1 and 1.0 mg L−1 concentrations of 6‑benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kn) and meta-topoline (mT) hormones. The plantlets grown in the shoot propagation medium were then transferred to the proliferation medium containing 3.0 mg L−1 BAP and 1.0 mg L−1 Kn. When a sufficient number of plantlets was reached, the plantlets were transferred to media containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg L−1 concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole butyric acid (IBA) hormones in order to obtain rooted plantlets. The study concluded that the highest shoot rate and leaf number were obtained with 0.5 mg L-1 BAP, while the best rooting performance was achieved with 2.0 mg L-1 IBA for root number and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA for root diameter.