Insights into Stable Apple Genotypes for Fruit Yield in Himachal Pradesh: An Assessment Using Parametric and Non-parametric Stability Measures
摘要
Apple (Malus domestica) holds immense agricultural importance in India, particularly in Himachal Pradesh. This study identifies stable apple genotypes using both parametric and non-parametric stability measures across three altitudinal ranges from 2021 to 2023 in Himachal Pradesh. Multiple stability parameters, both parametric and non-parametric, were examined to assess genotype stability. The genotype–environment interaction greatly affects yield variation, thereby surpassing the individual contribution of both genotype and environment. The stability analysis reveals ‘Super Chief’ and ‘Jeromine’ genotypes as the most stable and high yielding across different environments. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis indicates strong correlations between various stability indices, suggesting their potential interchangeability in genotype selection. This study contributes to the understanding of genotype stability under varying climatic conditions, providing valuable insights for apple breeding and cultivation strategies in Himachal Pradesh. The identified stable genotypes hold promise for improving apple production and ensuring food security in the region.