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<p>The spread of bark beetles is complicated by non-historical hosts, native congeners, and local predators, yet the chemical signaling mechanisms underlying these interactions remain poorly understood. This study quantifies the roles of colonization performance, monoterpene metabolism, and semiochemical interactions in modeling host specificity and local adaptation of <i>Ips typographus</i> and <i>I. subelongatus</i> across spruce and larch forests in northeastern China. <i>Ips subelongatus</i> successfully colonized the non-historical host <i>Picea koraiensis</i> without altering its pheromone profile [(4<i>S</i>)-(−)-ipsenol and (4<i>S</i>)-(+)-ipsdienol]. Conversely, <i>I. typographus</i> failed to establish egg galleries in the non-host <i>Larix gmelinii</i>, a failure likely associated with significantly reduced aggregation pheromone production of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and<i> S</i>-(−)-<i>cis</i>-verbenol. Spruce contained five times more <i>S</i>-(−)-α-pinene and less <i>R</i>-(+)-α-pinene than larch. <i>S</i>-(−)-α-pinene-derived <i>S</i>-(−)-<i>cis</i>-verbenol and <i>R</i>-(−)-<i>trans</i>-verbenol produced by <i>I. typographus</i> suppressed <i>I. subelongatus</i> aggregation behavior, whereas these chemical signals had positive effect on predator–prey dynamics. Transcriptome profiling revealed that <i>S</i>-(−)-α-pinene and juvenile hormone III strongly upregulate pheromone biosynthesis genes in male <i>I. typographus</i>. These findings elucidate the chemical basis of host specificity and multitrophic interactions, helping the discovery of more effective attractant synergists and/or repellents for targeted management of these two <i>Ips</i> species. </p>

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Phytochemical signaling mediates host specificity and species interactions in the Eurasian spruce bark beetle

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月28日

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  • Jiaxing Fang,
  • Xia Shi,
  • Huicong Du,
  • Sufang Zhang,
  • Fu Liu,
  • Jiayue Liu,
  • Dafeng Chen,
  • Xiangbo Kong

摘要

The spread of bark beetles is complicated by non-historical hosts, native congeners, and local predators, yet the chemical signaling mechanisms underlying these interactions remain poorly understood. This study quantifies the roles of colonization performance, monoterpene metabolism, and semiochemical interactions in modeling host specificity and local adaptation of Ips typographus and I. subelongatus across spruce and larch forests in northeastern China. Ips subelongatus successfully colonized the non-historical host Picea koraiensis without altering its pheromone profile [(4S)-(−)-ipsenol and (4S)-(+)-ipsdienol]. Conversely, I. typographus failed to establish egg galleries in the non-host Larix gmelinii, a failure likely associated with significantly reduced aggregation pheromone production of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and S-(−)-cis-verbenol. Spruce contained five times more S-(−)-α-pinene and less R-(+)-α-pinene than larch. S-(−)-α-pinene-derived S-(−)-cis-verbenol and R-(−)-trans-verbenol produced by I. typographus suppressed I. subelongatus aggregation behavior, whereas these chemical signals had positive effect on predator–prey dynamics. Transcriptome profiling revealed that S-(−)-α-pinene and juvenile hormone III strongly upregulate pheromone biosynthesis genes in male I. typographus. These findings elucidate the chemical basis of host specificity and multitrophic interactions, helping the discovery of more effective attractant synergists and/or repellents for targeted management of these two Ips species.