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<p>Rising global temperatures and their associated shift in precipitation patterns are expected to alter the geographical distribution, developmental rates, and reproductive success of insects. So, we experimentally studied how heat stress and cold stress effect <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> survival, how it survives, and what are the molecular mechanisms behind this. The results reveal that both stress treatments could significantly affect survival rates. The transcriptome results showed that the cold stress in the cuticle activated structural and metabolic pathways as determined by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, while heat stress in the gut resulted in downregulation of protein processing and upregulation of autophagy. The differential gene expression (DEGs) analysis showed a total of 193 cuticle (141 genes upregulated and 52 genes downregulated) under cold stress, while in gut the total of 211 DEGs (108 upregulated and 103 downregulated) under heat stress, respectively. Notably, RNAi-mediated knockdown of <i>POAF2</i> in the cuticle and <i>Gr89a</i> in the gut significantly reduced larval survival, which is attributable to the critical roles of these genes in stress response. The relative expression of <i>POAF2</i> was drastically lower after RNAi, whereas in <i>Gr89a</i> expression was also significantly lower as compared to control. These findings demonstrate that <i>B. dorsalis</i> has evolved distinct molecular adaptations to thermal stress and tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms. In general, the study reveals important insights into the genetic basis of insect adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions, which offers potential for application to strategies for the management of insect populations under climate change.</p>

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Tissue-specific transcriptome followed by RNAi elucidates the functional roles of phenoloxidase and gustatory receptor in Bactrocera dorsalis to cold and heat stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月13日

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  • Ghulam Murtaza,
  • Farman Ullah,
  • Yuning Wang,
  • Zihua Zhao,
  • Zhihong Li

摘要

Rising global temperatures and their associated shift in precipitation patterns are expected to alter the geographical distribution, developmental rates, and reproductive success of insects. So, we experimentally studied how heat stress and cold stress effect Bactrocera dorsalis survival, how it survives, and what are the molecular mechanisms behind this. The results reveal that both stress treatments could significantly affect survival rates. The transcriptome results showed that the cold stress in the cuticle activated structural and metabolic pathways as determined by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, while heat stress in the gut resulted in downregulation of protein processing and upregulation of autophagy. The differential gene expression (DEGs) analysis showed a total of 193 cuticle (141 genes upregulated and 52 genes downregulated) under cold stress, while in gut the total of 211 DEGs (108 upregulated and 103 downregulated) under heat stress, respectively. Notably, RNAi-mediated knockdown of POAF2 in the cuticle and Gr89a in the gut significantly reduced larval survival, which is attributable to the critical roles of these genes in stress response. The relative expression of POAF2 was drastically lower after RNAi, whereas in Gr89a expression was also significantly lower as compared to control. These findings demonstrate that B. dorsalis has evolved distinct molecular adaptations to thermal stress and tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms. In general, the study reveals important insights into the genetic basis of insect adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions, which offers potential for application to strategies for the management of insect populations under climate change.