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<p>In this study, we hypothesized that <i>Crotalaria juncea</i> (L., Fabaceae), particularly due to its content of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, would affect the development, fecundity, and longevity of <i>Diabrotica speciosa</i> (Germar) Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). We initially assessed the effects of <i>C. juncea</i> plants and their various parts (leaves, stems, and roots) on the insect. Newly hatched larvae were inoculated in containers with (i) popcorn plants (<i>Zea mays</i> L. var <i>everta</i>); (ii) <i>C. juncea</i> plants; (iii) popcorn plants associated with <i>C. juncea</i>; and (iv) popcorn plants with portions of leaves, stems, and roots (mulch) of <i>C. juncea</i> (25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 10% RH, and a 14-h photoperiod). The larvae were kept in these conditions until adult emergence, after which the adults were provided with common bean leaflets. The presence of <i>C. juncea</i> during the larval stage influenced the biological parameters of <i>D. speciosa</i>. We observed 100% larval mortality when exposed to isolated <i>C. juncea</i> plants, and a decrease in immature survival and adult longevity when <i>C. juncea</i> was associated with popcorn. In a subsequent trial, we investigated the effects of crude organic extracts of <i>C. juncea</i> on the same biological parameters. Newly hatched larvae were placed on popcorn plants with roots treated with extracts from different parts of <i>C. juncea</i> (aerial parts, roots, and entire plants) and using various solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol) as extractors. Plants with roots treated with root extracts of <i>C. juncea</i> exhibited lower survival rates during the immature stage, as well as reduced fecundity and egg viability. This indicates that allelochemicals from <i>C. juncea</i> have a detrimental impact on the development, fecundity, and viability of <i>D. speciosa</i> eggs. Chemical analysis of the<i> C. juncea</i> extracts revealed that monocrotaline, while present in various plant parts, is not the sole component responsible for the observed effects on the insects.</p>

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Crotalaria juncea reduces larval survival and adult fecundity of Diabrotica speciosa

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Caroline Rech,
  • Leandro do Prado Ribeiro,
  • José Maurício Simões Bento,
  • Eduardo José Crevelin,
  • Cristiano André Pott,
  • Cristiane Nardi

摘要

In this study, we hypothesized that Crotalaria juncea (L., Fabaceae), particularly due to its content of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, would affect the development, fecundity, and longevity of Diabrotica speciosa (Germar) Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). We initially assessed the effects of C. juncea plants and their various parts (leaves, stems, and roots) on the insect. Newly hatched larvae were inoculated in containers with (i) popcorn plants (Zea mays L. var everta); (ii) C. juncea plants; (iii) popcorn plants associated with C. juncea; and (iv) popcorn plants with portions of leaves, stems, and roots (mulch) of C. juncea (25 ± 2 °C, 60 ± 10% RH, and a 14-h photoperiod). The larvae were kept in these conditions until adult emergence, after which the adults were provided with common bean leaflets. The presence of C. juncea during the larval stage influenced the biological parameters of D. speciosa. We observed 100% larval mortality when exposed to isolated C. juncea plants, and a decrease in immature survival and adult longevity when C. juncea was associated with popcorn. In a subsequent trial, we investigated the effects of crude organic extracts of C. juncea on the same biological parameters. Newly hatched larvae were placed on popcorn plants with roots treated with extracts from different parts of C. juncea (aerial parts, roots, and entire plants) and using various solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol) as extractors. Plants with roots treated with root extracts of C. juncea exhibited lower survival rates during the immature stage, as well as reduced fecundity and egg viability. This indicates that allelochemicals from C. juncea have a detrimental impact on the development, fecundity, and viability of D. speciosa eggs. Chemical analysis of the C. juncea extracts revealed that monocrotaline, while present in various plant parts, is not the sole component responsible for the observed effects on the insects.