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<p>This research aimed to translate and assess the psychometric characteristics of the abbreviated Self-Reported Olfactory Functioning and Olfaction-Related Quality of Life (ASOF) among Iranian Farsi-speaking individuals. This tool development study, initiated after receiving authorization from the original questionnaire’s corresponding author, involved the translation of the ASOF questionnaire using the forward–backward method, in line with the World Health Organization’s standards. The research was conducted quantitatively, incorporating minor modifications in the Farsi version of the questionnaire items to ensure cultural relevance. The validity of the questionnaire, including face, content, and structural aspects, was evaluated. The internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Acceptable levels were observed in the item impact score, content validity index, and content validity ratio across all questionnaire items based on data from 30 healthy participants. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for self-reported olfactory function and olfactory quality of life assessment were 0.906 and 0.943, respectively, falling within a permissible range. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor structure of the ASOF questionnaire, as evidenced by standard factor loadings and goodness of fit indices, using a sample of 120 patients. The study concludes that the Farsi version of the ASOF questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool. It can effectively be used to assess a broad spectrum of olfactory disorders and olfaction-related quality of life in Farsi-speaking populations.</p>

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Cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire on self-reported olfactory functioning and olfaction-related quality of life (ASOF) into Farsi

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月23日

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  • Behnaz Jafari,
  • Hamideh Hosseini,
  • Johann Lehrner,
  • Jamshid Jamali,
  • Seyed Reza Mazlom,
  • Raheleh Babazadeh

摘要

This research aimed to translate and assess the psychometric characteristics of the abbreviated Self-Reported Olfactory Functioning and Olfaction-Related Quality of Life (ASOF) among Iranian Farsi-speaking individuals. This tool development study, initiated after receiving authorization from the original questionnaire’s corresponding author, involved the translation of the ASOF questionnaire using the forward–backward method, in line with the World Health Organization’s standards. The research was conducted quantitatively, incorporating minor modifications in the Farsi version of the questionnaire items to ensure cultural relevance. The validity of the questionnaire, including face, content, and structural aspects, was evaluated. The internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha. Acceptable levels were observed in the item impact score, content validity index, and content validity ratio across all questionnaire items based on data from 30 healthy participants. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for self-reported olfactory function and olfactory quality of life assessment were 0.906 and 0.943, respectively, falling within a permissible range. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the three-factor structure of the ASOF questionnaire, as evidenced by standard factor loadings and goodness of fit indices, using a sample of 120 patients. The study concludes that the Farsi version of the ASOF questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool. It can effectively be used to assess a broad spectrum of olfactory disorders and olfaction-related quality of life in Farsi-speaking populations.