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<p>In present research, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method was proposed for the concurrent determination of 11 biogenic amines, including putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), 2-phenethylamine (2-PHE), tyramine (TYR), spermidine (SPD), octopamine (OA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), adrenaline (A), tryptamine (TRP), and spermine (SPM) within 11&#xa0;min. A Waters ACQUITY UPLC<sup>®</sup> BEH Amide (100&#xa0;mm × 2.1&#xa0;mm i.d., 1.7&#xa0;μm) was used as stationary phase. Gradient elution was conducted using a mobile phase of 90% acetonitrile aqueous solution (10 mM ammonium formate, 0.6% formic acid) and aqueous solution (300 mM ammonium formate). This method provides symmetrical peak shapes and satisfactory separation for all the biogenic amines. Furthermore, it displays high linearity (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.97) except spermine and sensitivity (LODs ≤ 3 ng/mL). Importantly, the approach is convenient, rapid, and sensitive, without derivatization or ion-pairing reagents. Thus, the proposed HILIC-MS/MS method shows significant potential for both targeted and untargeted analysis of highly charged, small polar basic organic compounds in food safety supervision, metabolomics, environmental analysis, clinical research and relevant areas.</p>

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Simultaneous Determination of Eleven Biogenic Amines via Underivatized HILIC-MS/MS Without Ion-Pairing Reagents

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • Chunyan Chen,
  • Yu Luo,
  • Min Zhang,
  • Zhibin Liu,
  • Mengyue Hu,
  • Jinlin Li

摘要

In present research, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method was proposed for the concurrent determination of 11 biogenic amines, including putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIS), 2-phenethylamine (2-PHE), tyramine (TYR), spermidine (SPD), octopamine (OA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), adrenaline (A), tryptamine (TRP), and spermine (SPM) within 11 min. A Waters ACQUITY UPLC® BEH Amide (100 mm × 2.1 mm i.d., 1.7 μm) was used as stationary phase. Gradient elution was conducted using a mobile phase of 90% acetonitrile aqueous solution (10 mM ammonium formate, 0.6% formic acid) and aqueous solution (300 mM ammonium formate). This method provides symmetrical peak shapes and satisfactory separation for all the biogenic amines. Furthermore, it displays high linearity (R2 > 0.97) except spermine and sensitivity (LODs ≤ 3 ng/mL). Importantly, the approach is convenient, rapid, and sensitive, without derivatization or ion-pairing reagents. Thus, the proposed HILIC-MS/MS method shows significant potential for both targeted and untargeted analysis of highly charged, small polar basic organic compounds in food safety supervision, metabolomics, environmental analysis, clinical research and relevant areas.