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<p>High-quality <i>japonica</i> rice is widely valued in Asia, particularly in China’s Taihu Lake region, for its distinctive flavor and nutritional value. However, excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer poses significant threats to both crop quality and environmental sustainability, necessitating a reconsideration of conventional agricultural practices. This study examined the integrated impacts of optimized crop rotation patterns and N fertilization strategies on yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of high-quality <i>japonica</i> rice. We conducted a split-plot design in the Taihu Lake region to assess the effects of rice–morel and rice–wheat rotation systems, alongside five levels of N application: the conventional rate, and reductions of 10%, 15%, 20%, and zero N. The performance of high-quality <i>japonica</i> rice cultivars under these conditions was analyzed. In the rice–morel rotation, reducing N by 10% consistently produced higher grain production (9.26–10.81&#xa0;t&#xa0;ha<sup>−1</sup>) over two years, comparable to conventional N applications and superior to other reduced N treatments. This treatment also achieved the highest harvest index, ranging from 0.5320 to 0.5359. Notable enhancements were observed in processing quality (head rice yield of 70.70–72.37%), appearance quality (chalkiness degree of 1.18–1.21%), and taste quality (taste score of 72.95–72.99). N metrics, including total nitrogen accumulation (TNA, 192.23–193.53&#xa0;kg&#xa0;ha<sup>−1</sup>), NUE (44.37–45.41%), and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP, 38.91–41.28&#xa0;kg&#xa0;kg<sup>−1</sup>), showed significant improvement. Overall, a 10% N reduction under the rice–morel rotation preserved high yields, maintained superior quality, and markedly enhanced NUE.</p>

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Optimizing crop rotation patterns and nitrogen management to enhance yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency of high-quality japonica rice

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月15日

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  • Yunsheng Song,
  • Minghui Dong,
  • Meijuan Jin,
  • Junrong Gu,
  • Fei Chen,
  • Xiuliang Jin,
  • Yajie Hu,
  • Yixiao Wang

摘要

High-quality japonica rice is widely valued in Asia, particularly in China’s Taihu Lake region, for its distinctive flavor and nutritional value. However, excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer poses significant threats to both crop quality and environmental sustainability, necessitating a reconsideration of conventional agricultural practices. This study examined the integrated impacts of optimized crop rotation patterns and N fertilization strategies on yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of high-quality japonica rice. We conducted a split-plot design in the Taihu Lake region to assess the effects of rice–morel and rice–wheat rotation systems, alongside five levels of N application: the conventional rate, and reductions of 10%, 15%, 20%, and zero N. The performance of high-quality japonica rice cultivars under these conditions was analyzed. In the rice–morel rotation, reducing N by 10% consistently produced higher grain production (9.26–10.81 t ha−1) over two years, comparable to conventional N applications and superior to other reduced N treatments. This treatment also achieved the highest harvest index, ranging from 0.5320 to 0.5359. Notable enhancements were observed in processing quality (head rice yield of 70.70–72.37%), appearance quality (chalkiness degree of 1.18–1.21%), and taste quality (taste score of 72.95–72.99). N metrics, including total nitrogen accumulation (TNA, 192.23–193.53 kg ha−1), NUE (44.37–45.41%), and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP, 38.91–41.28 kg kg−1), showed significant improvement. Overall, a 10% N reduction under the rice–morel rotation preserved high yields, maintained superior quality, and markedly enhanced NUE.