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<p>Microplastics can enter the human body through various pathways, but their entry into the eyes remains unproven. Since commercial eye drops contain large amounts of microplastics, we hypothesized that microplastics could enter the eyes when applying eye drops. We analyzed 5 samples of eye drops, and ocular surface lavage fluid from 14 volunteers. Then we studied the migration of microplastics and their ocular damage in in vivo rat experiments. Results show a widespread occurrence of&#xa0;microplastics in eye drops and on human ocular surface. We also found that microplastics can even enter the bloodstream via ocular surface. Overall, commercial eye drops appear as an overlooked pathway for microplastic deposition on the&#xa0;human ocular surface. As a consequence, microplastics could elevate ocular oxidative stress, and trigger ocular inflammation.</p>

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Microplastic entry into the ocular surface through eye drops usage

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月30日

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  • Yi Wang,
  • Binbin Zhang,
  • Minhu Li,
  • Jiaolong Huang,
  • Meijuan Zhu,
  • Weicheng Zhang

摘要

Microplastics can enter the human body through various pathways, but their entry into the eyes remains unproven. Since commercial eye drops contain large amounts of microplastics, we hypothesized that microplastics could enter the eyes when applying eye drops. We analyzed 5 samples of eye drops, and ocular surface lavage fluid from 14 volunteers. Then we studied the migration of microplastics and their ocular damage in in vivo rat experiments. Results show a widespread occurrence of microplastics in eye drops and on human ocular surface. We also found that microplastics can even enter the bloodstream via ocular surface. Overall, commercial eye drops appear as an overlooked pathway for microplastic deposition on the human ocular surface. As a consequence, microplastics could elevate ocular oxidative stress, and trigger ocular inflammation.