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<p>Water scarcity and wastewater pollution are major health issues, yet traditional wastewater treatment technologies are limited by high operational costs and energy demands, and membrane fouling. Here we review low-cost ceramic membranes for wastewater treatment and bioenergy production, with emphasis on bioreactors, and microbial fuel cells to generate electricity. Ceramic membranes display high filtration performance and resistance to harsh conditions, achieving water flux rates up to 250&#xa0;L/m<sup>2</sup> per h, significantly outperforming polymeric membranes. Ceramic membranes are now affordable due to recent advances in as clay-based ceramics, extrusion and electrospinning. Ceramic membranes integrated into microbial fuel cells and anaerobic bioreactors could enhance power generation by 20% and biogas yield by 15–30%. Surface modifications and nanomaterial use have reduced fouling by up to 60%, yet issues of biofouling and high fabrication costs persist.</p>

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Bioenergy production from wastewater using cost-effective ceramic membranes: a review

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月4日

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  • Syed Taufiq Ahmad,
  • Rizwan Ahmad,
  • Hamna Shaukat,
  • Prangya Ranjan Rout,
  • Tahir Fazal,
  • Alexander Dumfort

摘要

Water scarcity and wastewater pollution are major health issues, yet traditional wastewater treatment technologies are limited by high operational costs and energy demands, and membrane fouling. Here we review low-cost ceramic membranes for wastewater treatment and bioenergy production, with emphasis on bioreactors, and microbial fuel cells to generate electricity. Ceramic membranes display high filtration performance and resistance to harsh conditions, achieving water flux rates up to 250 L/m2 per h, significantly outperforming polymeric membranes. Ceramic membranes are now affordable due to recent advances in as clay-based ceramics, extrusion and electrospinning. Ceramic membranes integrated into microbial fuel cells and anaerobic bioreactors could enhance power generation by 20% and biogas yield by 15–30%. Surface modifications and nanomaterial use have reduced fouling by up to 60%, yet issues of biofouling and high fabrication costs persist.