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<p>Epileptic seizures are mandatory for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Before making the diagnosis and starting a&#xa0;treatment, it must be carefully considered whether causes other than epilepsy could be responsible for paroxysmal events. Even if a&#xa0;diagnosis of epilepsy has already been made, it may be useful to question it. To correctly diagnose paroxysmal events, it is necessary to take a&#xa0;precise medical history, including from bystanders, and to perform neuroimaging, electroencephalogram (EEG), laboratory, and cardiological diagnostics and, if necessary, (neuro-)psychological evaluation. If the aetiology of the attacks nevertheless remains unclear, a&#xa0;long-term video EEG is indicated. Important and frequent differential diagnoses of epileptic seizures include cardiovascular disorders and dissociative seizures. Especially in emergency situations, it is important to recognise acute symptomatic seizures and dissociative seizures so that neither too much nor too little treatment and diagnostics harm the patient.</p>

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Des Pudels Kern: Differenzierung epileptischer Anfälle von nicht-epileptischen Ereignissen

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Bettina Wächter,
  • Bernd Vorderwülbecke,
  • Zulfiya Mirzadjanova

摘要

Epileptic seizures are mandatory for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Before making the diagnosis and starting a treatment, it must be carefully considered whether causes other than epilepsy could be responsible for paroxysmal events. Even if a diagnosis of epilepsy has already been made, it may be useful to question it. To correctly diagnose paroxysmal events, it is necessary to take a precise medical history, including from bystanders, and to perform neuroimaging, electroencephalogram (EEG), laboratory, and cardiological diagnostics and, if necessary, (neuro-)psychological evaluation. If the aetiology of the attacks nevertheless remains unclear, a long-term video EEG is indicated. Important and frequent differential diagnoses of epileptic seizures include cardiovascular disorders and dissociative seizures. Especially in emergency situations, it is important to recognise acute symptomatic seizures and dissociative seizures so that neither too much nor too little treatment and diagnostics harm the patient.