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<p>Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) of the ovary arise from the ovarian mesenchyme and sex cords and account for 70% of all sex cord stromal tumors but less than 3% of all ovarian neoplasms. Characteristic for these tumors is their ability to secrete estrogens (less frequently androgens and progestogens) as well as their tendency to recur many years after initial excision, sometimes 10–20&#xa0;years later. The recurrence rate is around 30%. Due to the estradiol produced by the tumor, these tumors can be associated with abnormal vaginal bleeding at an early stage. The standard treatment in the early stages is surgical removal of the tumor. The majority of these patients (78–91%) are in stage&#xa0;I when the cancer is diagnosed and 10-year survival rates of 84–95% can be achieved by surgery alone. In contrast, the prognosis for 10-year survival is considerably worse in advanced stages or cases of recurrence. If the tumor is unresectable, platinum-based chemotherapy is usually employed, although with conflicting results. Because GCTs are radiation-sensitive, radiotherapy is also used for treatment. To improve disease-free survival, overall survival and quality of life, alternative treatment strategies are needed. As germ cell tumors typically express steroid hormone receptors, hormone therapy has been proposed as a&#xa0;potential treatment option, with some promising results.</p>

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Endokrine Therapiemöglichkeiten beim rezidivierenden adulten Granulosazelltumor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Ricardo E. Felberbaum,
  • Wolfgang Küpker,
  • Daniela Hiltensberger,
  • Johannes Ettl

摘要

Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) of the ovary arise from the ovarian mesenchyme and sex cords and account for 70% of all sex cord stromal tumors but less than 3% of all ovarian neoplasms. Characteristic for these tumors is their ability to secrete estrogens (less frequently androgens and progestogens) as well as their tendency to recur many years after initial excision, sometimes 10–20 years later. The recurrence rate is around 30%. Due to the estradiol produced by the tumor, these tumors can be associated with abnormal vaginal bleeding at an early stage. The standard treatment in the early stages is surgical removal of the tumor. The majority of these patients (78–91%) are in stage I when the cancer is diagnosed and 10-year survival rates of 84–95% can be achieved by surgery alone. In contrast, the prognosis for 10-year survival is considerably worse in advanced stages or cases of recurrence. If the tumor is unresectable, platinum-based chemotherapy is usually employed, although with conflicting results. Because GCTs are radiation-sensitive, radiotherapy is also used for treatment. To improve disease-free survival, overall survival and quality of life, alternative treatment strategies are needed. As germ cell tumors typically express steroid hormone receptors, hormone therapy has been proposed as a potential treatment option, with some promising results.