Background <p>Chronic infections, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis&#xa0;B/C, tuberculosis or human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, represent special challenges in fertility treatment. Nevertheless, recent advances in antiviral treatment and international guidelines enable many affected individuals to safely and successfully undergo assisted reproductive techniques (ART).</p> Objective <p>The aim of this review is to analyze the strategies in reproductive medicine for patients with chronic infections, to minimize the risks for partners, children and personnel and to summarize the current recommendations for the clinical practice.</p> Material and methods <p>Systematic analysis of guidelines and the scientific literature from the last 10 years on ART in the context of HIV, hepatitis&#xa0;B/C, tuberculosis, HPV and other infections. The review integrates infectious, andrological, gynecological and laboratory safety aspects.</p> Results <p>In HIV infections, viral suppression, sperm washing and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) enable a low-risk ART. Hepatitis&#xa0;B/C can be managed via vaccination or controlled during or before ART. Genital tuberculosis must be completely treated before ART. Infections with HPV can possibly affect fertility and the course of pregnancy but reliable data are lacking. Specific ART measures, such as separate cryostorage, laboratory hygiene protocols and sperm processing enhance the safety.</p> Conclusion <p>Chronic infections are not a&#xa0;contraindication for ART. By following international recommendations and conducting individual risk assessments, the risks of infection can be minimized. Informed consent, interdisciplinary care and laboratory biosafety are essential. The discrimination of infected couples cannot be medically and ethically justified.</p>