<p>Peri-implantitis (PI), a progressive chronic inflammatory disease, is a serious threat to long-term implant stability. The present study focuses on miR-196a2 gene polymorphisms, aiming to deeply investigate its potential association with PI susceptibility and provide new perspectives for early risk assessment and intervention of PI.The research enrolled 135 PI patients and 135 peri-implant healthy controls. Genotyping of the rs11614913 locus was performed via restriction fragment length polymorphism. Differences in genotypes and allele frequencies between the PI group and the control group were compared by <i>χ</i>² test. Potential risk factors for PI development were analyzed by logistic regression modeling. Serum miR-196a2 expression was detected by RT-qPCR. Diagnostic efficacy of miR-196a2 was assessed by constructing ROC curves. Differences in peri-implant probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) and plaque index were analyzed in patients with different genotypes.PI susceptibility was increased in carriers of CT and CC genotypes and the C allele at the rs11614913 locus. The CT/CC genotype was a PI-associated risk factor compared to the TT genotype. Serum miR-196a2 was upregulated in PI patients. The ROC curve indicated that serum miR-196a2 has good diagnostic value for PI. PPD, CAL and plaque index were higher in patients carrying CT/CC genotype.The miR-196a2 rs11614913 locus polymorphism was associated with PI susceptibility. CT/CC genotypic variants may be important genetic markers of the increased risk of developing PI.</p>