<p>This study aimed to systematically map and analyze the scientific literature on the cyclic fatigue resistance of nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments, using bibliometric and science mapping techniques. Eight hundred eighty-one publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection between 1980 and 2024 were analyzed. Bibliometric performance indicators, keyword co-occurrence networks, thematic maps, and co-citation analyses were utilized. Data were processed using Bibliometrix, a comprehensive R-based science mapping software. Trends in publication volume, author and journal productivity, influential articles, thematic evolution, and international collaboration patterns were evaluated. There has been a steady increase in publication output over the last four decades, with a significant acceleration after 2010. Thematic mapping revealed that keywords such as “cyclic fatigue,” “reciprocation,” “heat treatment,” and “fracture resistance” have been central to the field. Citation analysis identified key foundational studies frequently referenced in fatigue testing methodology. International research collaborations were most prominent among North American, East Asia, and European institutions. This bibliometric study underscores the clinical importance of innovations in NiTi rotary instrumentation, particularly for enhancing cyclic fatigue resistance. By identifying key research trends and thematic clusters, the study provides valuable guidance for clinicians and researchers aiming to optimize instrument durability, reduce procedural complications, and advance endodontic practice.</p>