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<p>Cassava (<i>Manihot esculenta</i> Crantz) is a prioritized crop for food security for nearly one billion people worldwide. We examined the genetic structure and diversity&#xa0;in a panel of 176 cassava cultivars from diverse biogeographic regions of Colombia&#xa0;using&#xa0;a total of 57,410 SNP markers obtained by&#xa0;Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS). A moderately high total diversity, heterozygotes deficit and inbreeding were found. Furthermore, we find three distinct genetic clusters (GC1, GC2 and GC3) with clear geographic correspondence to Amazonian, Andean, and Caribbean&#xa0;Colombian&#xa0;regions,&#xa0;a substantial phenotypic correlation with root bitterness&#xa0;and a greater differentiation between clusters than typically found in&#xa0;global&#xa0;scale studies. Each genetic cluster exhibits distinctive selection signatures reflecting region specific adaptations. GPI-anchor biosynthesis and chitin catabolism in Amazonian bitter cassava (defense against pathogens), oxidative stress response in Andean cassava (adaptation to highland conditions) and trehalose biosynthesis, cyano-amino acid&#xa0;metabolism and tuberization accumulation in Caribbean sweet cassava (drought tolerance, altered cyanogen processing and&#xa0;tuberization characteristics). These signatures align with phenotypic differentiation between bitter and sweet cultivars. These analyses highlight Colombia as a unique&#xa0;diversification&#xa0;core&#xa0;where environmental challenges and cultural practices have structured cassava diversity, underscoring the importance of integrated conservation strategies that preserve both genetic resources and the traditional knowledge systems that sustain them.</p>

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Exploring genetic diversity and selective signatures, a journey through Colombian cassava's landscape

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月17日

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  • Rubén Eduardo Mora Moreno,
  • Juan Sebastián Sánchez Ferro,
  • Emili Ishikawa Garcia,
  • Andrés David Jiménez Maldonado,
  • Paula Alejandra Diaz Tatis,
  • Camilo Ernesto López Carrascal,
  • Johana Carolina Soto Sedano

摘要

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a prioritized crop for food security for nearly one billion people worldwide. We examined the genetic structure and diversity in a panel of 176 cassava cultivars from diverse biogeographic regions of Colombia using a total of 57,410 SNP markers obtained by Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS). A moderately high total diversity, heterozygotes deficit and inbreeding were found. Furthermore, we find three distinct genetic clusters (GC1, GC2 and GC3) with clear geographic correspondence to Amazonian, Andean, and Caribbean Colombian regions, a substantial phenotypic correlation with root bitterness and a greater differentiation between clusters than typically found in global scale studies. Each genetic cluster exhibits distinctive selection signatures reflecting region specific adaptations. GPI-anchor biosynthesis and chitin catabolism in Amazonian bitter cassava (defense against pathogens), oxidative stress response in Andean cassava (adaptation to highland conditions) and trehalose biosynthesis, cyano-amino acid metabolism and tuberization accumulation in Caribbean sweet cassava (drought tolerance, altered cyanogen processing and tuberization characteristics). These signatures align with phenotypic differentiation between bitter and sweet cultivars. These analyses highlight Colombia as a unique diversification core where environmental challenges and cultural practices have structured cassava diversity, underscoring the importance of integrated conservation strategies that preserve both genetic resources and the traditional knowledge systems that sustain them.