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<p>CXC chemokines are a class of cytokines possessing chemotactic properties. Studies indicate that CXC chemokines exhibit dysregulation in miscellaneous cancer categories and are significantly associated with the advancement of tumors. Breast cancer is a commonly diagnosed and fatal cancer among the female population. Breast cancer pathogenesis and progression involve various mechanisms, including invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Chemokines and their receptors are involved in all of these processes. The CXC chemokine receptors (CXCRs) and their related ligands have attracted considerable attention due to their multifaceted functions in facilitating and controlling tumor proliferation. CXCRs are expressed by both cancer cells and immune cells, and they play a crucial role in regulating the tumor microenvironment and the immune response. This review aims to assess the potential of CXCRs and CXC chemokines as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for personalized therapy. Additionally, it provides an overview of the current understanding of the expression, function, and prognostic relevance of CXCRs in breast cancer. Furthermore, the challenges and potential prospects pertaining to CXCR investigation in breast cancer are deliberated.</p>

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The role of CXC chemokines and receptors in breast cancer

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月25日

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  • Mahdi Masrour,
  • Aysan Moeinafshar,
  • Amirhossein Poopak,
  • Sepideh Razi,
  • Nima Rezaei

摘要

CXC chemokines are a class of cytokines possessing chemotactic properties. Studies indicate that CXC chemokines exhibit dysregulation in miscellaneous cancer categories and are significantly associated with the advancement of tumors. Breast cancer is a commonly diagnosed and fatal cancer among the female population. Breast cancer pathogenesis and progression involve various mechanisms, including invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Chemokines and their receptors are involved in all of these processes. The CXC chemokine receptors (CXCRs) and their related ligands have attracted considerable attention due to their multifaceted functions in facilitating and controlling tumor proliferation. CXCRs are expressed by both cancer cells and immune cells, and they play a crucial role in regulating the tumor microenvironment and the immune response. This review aims to assess the potential of CXCRs and CXC chemokines as therapeutic targets or biomarkers for personalized therapy. Additionally, it provides an overview of the current understanding of the expression, function, and prognostic relevance of CXCRs in breast cancer. Furthermore, the challenges and potential prospects pertaining to CXCR investigation in breast cancer are deliberated.