Porous media approach for numerical simulation of perforated chambered breakwater
摘要
Perforated chambered breakwaters effectively dissipate wave energy and mitigate turbulence, thereby reducing wave reflection, structural loads, and overtopping, making them a viable option for resilient shoreline protection. Understanding wave energy dissipation as waves propagate past a porous wall is crucial for evaluating wave-structure interactions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based numerical wave tank modelling offers an effective tool to complement physical experiments, enabling detailed analysis of wave-structure interactions throughout the model domain. This study employs a two-dimensional numerical wave flume to investigate wave interaction with a perforated chambered breakwater under different wave conditions and by varying the spacing between the perforated and solid walls. The numerical model developed using ANSYS Fluent solves the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations and employs the Volume of Fluid method to capture the free surface. The porous wall is represented using the porous media modelling approach with inertial resistance coefficients estimated from published experimental data. Model predictions of wave elevations, reflection coefficients, pressure distribution, and normalised force show good agreement with experimental observations, validating the numerical framework. Results demonstrate that chamber width significantly influences resonance effects, wave amplification, energy dissipation, and hydrodynamic loading. The methodology offers a computationally efficient and physically accurate framework for evaluating the performance of chamber breakwaters. Despite being based on a two-dimensional model with a simplified porous wall representation, the work provides valuable insights for optimising the design of chamber breakwaters. It also establishes a robust basis for future studies incorporating irregular wave conditions, random wave spectra, and three-dimensional effects to further enhance coastal protection strategies.