Integrating hydrodynamic model to address longshore sediment transport rate in The Bitter Lakes, Suez Canal -Egypt
摘要
Shoreline stability and sediment transport pose significant challenges in confined water bodies like the Bitter Lakes in the Suez Canal. These semi-enclosed lakes experience complex hydrodynamics driven by limited tidal exchange, vessel-induced waves, and wind-driven currents, leading to localized erosion and accretion. Addressing these challenges requires an accurate sediment transport model integrating empirical and numerical approaches. This study calibrates the Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC) equation for confined environments, refining its transport coefficient for improved accuracy, and compares its performance with the Kamphuis formula and the LITDRIFT module in the MIKE software. Analysis across six bathymetric profiles highlights the limitations of empirical formulas in high-traffic, semi-enclosed systems where bidirectional currents and ship-induced waves significantly alter sediment dynamics. Results show that LITDRIFT consistently predicts higher transport rates, while the Kamphuis equation underestimates transport due to its simplified hydrodynamic assumptions. Validation using one-dimensional shoreline evolution modeling and satellite-derived sedimentation rates demonstrates a strong correlation between the calibrated CERC equation and the longshore sediment transport outputs. The study also evaluates artificial islands as a sediment control strategy respectively, finding that strategic placement can enhance localized sediment stability and reduce navigation channel infilling. This research provides a validated framework for sediment transport modeling in confined water bodies, offering practical insights for sustainable shoreline management and dredging optimization. Findings contribute to improving predictive models for semi-enclosed, high-traffic waterways, ensuring long-term stability and operational efficiency in critical maritime corridors like the Suez Canal.