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<p>The study investigates coastal erosion along Kuakata, Bangladesh, a region increasingly vulnerable to severe erosion and environmental changes. A high-resolution Delft3D model was implemented to simulate the complex hydrodynamics of the Kuakata coastline, including interactions between waves, currents, and tides. Model boundary conditions were established using regional bathymetric data, tidal levels, and offshore wave climate data, ensuring a realistic representation of the hydrodynamic forces. Boundary forcing was derived from global databases and calibrated with local observational datasets, enhancing the model’s accuracy in capturing nearshore wave-tide hydrodynamics. Validation against field observations confirmed its precision in representing these interactions. To quantify the spatial extent of erosion and accretion, a GIS-based analysis was conducted using multi-temporal satellite imagery, which revealed approximately 5.0&#xa0;km² of surface area lost due to erosion near Lebur Char and around 3.6&#xa0;km² of surface area gained through sediment accumulation at Kawar Char. Peak wave conditions were recorded in the pre-monsoon season, with significant wave heights up to 1.55&#xa0;m and maximum current velocities reaching 0.98&#xa0;m/s along Kuakata’s western coast. These hydrodynamic conditions elevated bed shear stress to 3.40&#xa0;N/m² during the wet-season flood tide, identifying areas prone to erosion. Longshore currents emerged as a key factor in sediment transport and coastal dynamics, particularly under high wave action. Seasonal current velocity trends indicated higher velocities during the wet season, underscoring the influence of tidal dynamics on coastal landscape changes. The insights from this model underscore specific patterns of sediment transport and erosion, contributing to a more precise understanding of hydrodynamic influences on Kuakata’s coastal dynamics.</p>

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Modeling nearshore wave and tidal hydrodynamics along the exposed coastline of Kuakata

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Nahid Sultana,
  • Shadman Shahariar,
  • Md. Ataur Rahman

摘要

The study investigates coastal erosion along Kuakata, Bangladesh, a region increasingly vulnerable to severe erosion and environmental changes. A high-resolution Delft3D model was implemented to simulate the complex hydrodynamics of the Kuakata coastline, including interactions between waves, currents, and tides. Model boundary conditions were established using regional bathymetric data, tidal levels, and offshore wave climate data, ensuring a realistic representation of the hydrodynamic forces. Boundary forcing was derived from global databases and calibrated with local observational datasets, enhancing the model’s accuracy in capturing nearshore wave-tide hydrodynamics. Validation against field observations confirmed its precision in representing these interactions. To quantify the spatial extent of erosion and accretion, a GIS-based analysis was conducted using multi-temporal satellite imagery, which revealed approximately 5.0 km² of surface area lost due to erosion near Lebur Char and around 3.6 km² of surface area gained through sediment accumulation at Kawar Char. Peak wave conditions were recorded in the pre-monsoon season, with significant wave heights up to 1.55 m and maximum current velocities reaching 0.98 m/s along Kuakata’s western coast. These hydrodynamic conditions elevated bed shear stress to 3.40 N/m² during the wet-season flood tide, identifying areas prone to erosion. Longshore currents emerged as a key factor in sediment transport and coastal dynamics, particularly under high wave action. Seasonal current velocity trends indicated higher velocities during the wet season, underscoring the influence of tidal dynamics on coastal landscape changes. The insights from this model underscore specific patterns of sediment transport and erosion, contributing to a more precise understanding of hydrodynamic influences on Kuakata’s coastal dynamics.