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<p>Storm surges are among the most severe natural disasters affecting global coastal regions, with their increasing frequency and intensity posing significant challenges to coastal ecosystems, socioeconomic activities, and disaster resilience. The Bay of Bengal, as a region frequently impacted by tropical cyclones, faces substantial threats from storm surges. However, existing studies predominantly focus on individual storm surge events, often neglecting the cumulative effects of multiple typhoons, particularly the systematic investigation of wave-current coupling on ocean current dynamics and its spatial heterogeneity. This study employs a wave-current coupling model, combined with observational data from 23 tropical cyclone events in the Bay of Bengal from 2007 to 2024, and applies Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis to explore the impacts of wave-current coupling on ocean currents. The results demonstrate that wave-current coupling has a pronounced effect on current velocity variations, particularly in coastal regions and near cyclone tracks. Spatial heterogeneity analysis reveals that local geomorphological conditions and hydrodynamic characteristics are the primary drivers of changes in current velocity and direction, with current direction being more significantly influenced by regional hydrodynamic conditions. This study highlights the critical role of wave-current coupling under multiple typhoon scenarios, providing a scientific basis for improving disaster prediction accuracy and resilience in the Bay of Bengal, while also offering theoretical support for understanding complex ocean dynamic processes.</p>

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Investigation of ocean current variations under coupled conditions using a wave-current coupling model: An analysis based on multiple typhoon events

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月16日

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  • Qiang Li,
  • Zhizu Wang,
  • Changsheng Zuo,
  • Anhe Huang,
  • Yunshu Liu,
  • Yuting Di,
  • Juncheng Zuo

摘要

Storm surges are among the most severe natural disasters affecting global coastal regions, with their increasing frequency and intensity posing significant challenges to coastal ecosystems, socioeconomic activities, and disaster resilience. The Bay of Bengal, as a region frequently impacted by tropical cyclones, faces substantial threats from storm surges. However, existing studies predominantly focus on individual storm surge events, often neglecting the cumulative effects of multiple typhoons, particularly the systematic investigation of wave-current coupling on ocean current dynamics and its spatial heterogeneity. This study employs a wave-current coupling model, combined with observational data from 23 tropical cyclone events in the Bay of Bengal from 2007 to 2024, and applies Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis to explore the impacts of wave-current coupling on ocean currents. The results demonstrate that wave-current coupling has a pronounced effect on current velocity variations, particularly in coastal regions and near cyclone tracks. Spatial heterogeneity analysis reveals that local geomorphological conditions and hydrodynamic characteristics are the primary drivers of changes in current velocity and direction, with current direction being more significantly influenced by regional hydrodynamic conditions. This study highlights the critical role of wave-current coupling under multiple typhoon scenarios, providing a scientific basis for improving disaster prediction accuracy and resilience in the Bay of Bengal, while also offering theoretical support for understanding complex ocean dynamic processes.