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<p>This study aims to contribute to the characterization of the Brazil Current (BC) and the Intermediate Western Boundary Current (IWBC) as they flow poleward and equatorward, respectively, along the continental margin and interact with the submerged seamounts of the Vitória-Trindade Ridge (VTR). These currents, part of the South Atlantic Western Boundary system, transport heat, salt, carbon, and nutrients, impacting marine ecosystems and climate. Data from three oceanographic cruises (2013–2014) between 19°-23°S are analyzed, including a cruise designed to investigate the flows at the main VTR seamount pathways. North of 20°S, the BC flows southwards in a shallow upper layer (~ 150&#xa0;m deep) along the continental slope, with a volume transport of ~ 1&#xa0;Sv. Within the seamount region, the current flow is mainly westward, with distinct BC cores observed between the Abrolhos and Besnard Banks, Besnard Bank and Vitória Seamount, and south of Vitória Seamount, transporting Tropical Water (TW) at speeds up to 34.0&#xa0;cm/s. Between 20° and 22°S, the southward BC flow is reorganized along the continental slope, forming a single intense branch south of 22°S, with speeds reaching 73.7&#xa0;cm/s and a transport of 3.7 ± 0.5&#xa0;Sv. As a whole, the IWBC flows northward, transporting South Atlantic Central Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, and Upper Circumpolar Water. In the VTR region, the flow is predominantly eastward, with the highest transport (7.3 ± 1.8&#xa0;Sv) observed between Besnard Bank and Vitória Seamount, reaching speeds of 40.8&#xa0;cm/s. Immediately south of Vitória Seamount, the eastward IWBC flow is dispersed, with a maximum speed of 15.6&#xa0;cm/s and a volume transport of 2.5 ± 2.3&#xa0;Sv. North of 19.5°S, the IWBC forms a single, intense branch heading north.</p>

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The Brazil current and intermediate Western boundary current flows through the Vitória-Trindade Ridge - South Atlantic ocean

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月16日

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  • Fernando Dix T. Barberini,
  • Afonso M. Paiva,
  • Vladimir S. da Costa,
  • Guilherme N. Mill,
  • Mariela Gabioux,
  • Mauro Cirano

摘要

This study aims to contribute to the characterization of the Brazil Current (BC) and the Intermediate Western Boundary Current (IWBC) as they flow poleward and equatorward, respectively, along the continental margin and interact with the submerged seamounts of the Vitória-Trindade Ridge (VTR). These currents, part of the South Atlantic Western Boundary system, transport heat, salt, carbon, and nutrients, impacting marine ecosystems and climate. Data from three oceanographic cruises (2013–2014) between 19°-23°S are analyzed, including a cruise designed to investigate the flows at the main VTR seamount pathways. North of 20°S, the BC flows southwards in a shallow upper layer (~ 150 m deep) along the continental slope, with a volume transport of ~ 1 Sv. Within the seamount region, the current flow is mainly westward, with distinct BC cores observed between the Abrolhos and Besnard Banks, Besnard Bank and Vitória Seamount, and south of Vitória Seamount, transporting Tropical Water (TW) at speeds up to 34.0 cm/s. Between 20° and 22°S, the southward BC flow is reorganized along the continental slope, forming a single intense branch south of 22°S, with speeds reaching 73.7 cm/s and a transport of 3.7 ± 0.5 Sv. As a whole, the IWBC flows northward, transporting South Atlantic Central Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, and Upper Circumpolar Water. In the VTR region, the flow is predominantly eastward, with the highest transport (7.3 ± 1.8 Sv) observed between Besnard Bank and Vitória Seamount, reaching speeds of 40.8 cm/s. Immediately south of Vitória Seamount, the eastward IWBC flow is dispersed, with a maximum speed of 15.6 cm/s and a volume transport of 2.5 ± 2.3 Sv. North of 19.5°S, the IWBC forms a single, intense branch heading north.