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<p>Heat content down to 300&#xa0;m is analyzed for the North Indian Ocean from 2010 to 2022 and the contrasting heat content patterns are investigated in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal for the years 2010 and 2019. The Arabian Sea shows negative Ocean Heat Content (OHC) anomalies while the Bay of Bengal shows positive anomalies during 2010. On the contrary, positive OHC anomalies are observed in the Arabian Sea and negative anomalies in the Bay of Bengal during 2019. Similar contrasting patterns are observed in thermocline depth, Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (OLR) and rainfall of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal during 2010 and 2019, the signals being prominent during the winter season. The year 2010 underwent a negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event, whereas 2019 was a positive IOD year. Warmer conditions with a deeper thermocline, more convection and rainfall over the Bay of Bengal and cooler temperatures with a shallow thermocline, low convection and rainfall over the Arabian Sea occurred during 2010. The opposite conditions existed in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea during 2019 which are consistent with the positive IOD characteristics. Moreover, a greater number of cyclones supported by higher Genesis Potential Index <b>(</b>GPI) and atmospheric moisture loading were observed in the Arabian Sea in 2019 and in the Bay of Bengal in 2010. This study confirms the opposite behaviour of atmospheric and oceanic variables in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal during strong positive and negative IOD years. Other IOD events during the study period indicate that the details of each event such as the associated wind anomalies can alter the contrast between the two basins.</p>

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Asymmetrical warming in the Indian Ocean during 2010 and 2019

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月25日

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  • P. G. Nisha,
  • T. S. Pranesha,
  • P. J. Vidya,
  • M. Ravichandran,
  • Raghu Murtugudde

摘要

Heat content down to 300 m is analyzed for the North Indian Ocean from 2010 to 2022 and the contrasting heat content patterns are investigated in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal for the years 2010 and 2019. The Arabian Sea shows negative Ocean Heat Content (OHC) anomalies while the Bay of Bengal shows positive anomalies during 2010. On the contrary, positive OHC anomalies are observed in the Arabian Sea and negative anomalies in the Bay of Bengal during 2019. Similar contrasting patterns are observed in thermocline depth, Outgoing Long-wave Radiation (OLR) and rainfall of the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal during 2010 and 2019, the signals being prominent during the winter season. The year 2010 underwent a negative Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event, whereas 2019 was a positive IOD year. Warmer conditions with a deeper thermocline, more convection and rainfall over the Bay of Bengal and cooler temperatures with a shallow thermocline, low convection and rainfall over the Arabian Sea occurred during 2010. The opposite conditions existed in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea during 2019 which are consistent with the positive IOD characteristics. Moreover, a greater number of cyclones supported by higher Genesis Potential Index (GPI) and atmospheric moisture loading were observed in the Arabian Sea in 2019 and in the Bay of Bengal in 2010. This study confirms the opposite behaviour of atmospheric and oceanic variables in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal during strong positive and negative IOD years. Other IOD events during the study period indicate that the details of each event such as the associated wind anomalies can alter the contrast between the two basins.