<p>The water inflow in working faces in the Binchang mining area is considerable due to the Jurassic aquifers and a thick Cretaceous aquifer above the coal seams. This case study of mine water inflow and the thickness of the Yijun Formation in the Binchang mining area revealed a significant correlation between mine water inflow and the overlying aquifers. A qualitative analysis was performed to study the relationship between the sedimentary facies and mine water inflow in the Tingnan Coal Mine. A random forest model was applied to identify the key factors affecting water inflow at the working faces. In addition to the aquifer characteristics, the water inflow at the working faces was negatively correlated with the thickness of the Yijun Formation; indeed, its thickness had the greatest influence on the distribution of the water inflow. The Yijun Formation is an important aquifuge, but also determines the bottom morphology of the Luohe Formation, which is an important aquifer. The area where the Yijun Formation is thin is also the catchment area at the bottom of the Luohe Formation. This case study revealed how underlying strata can have an important influence on the sediment deposition paleoenvironment of overlying strata and thus the water abundance of the overlying aquifers. The findings in this case study can potentially be useful in preventing and controlling mine water in similar mining areas.</p>