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<p>The South Basin of Lake Biwa, Japan, has undergone significant changes in fish fauna due to the introduction of invasive species and habitat alterations. This study assessed the current status of native fish species recovery through environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and capture surveys conducted in 2008 and 2021. The eDNA survey detected 40 fish taxa, including 31 native and nine non-native taxa, while capture surveys identified 18 taxa. Notably, ten native taxa absent from the 2008 survey were detected in both the 2021 capture and eDNA surveys, indicating their potential recolonization. Among these, eight taxa not subject to fisheries stocking suggest natural population recovery. The decline in invasive largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus nigricans</i>) and bluegill (<i>Lepomis macrochirus</i>) populations may have contributed to this resurgence. Additionally, eDNA surveys detected several benthic and elusive species, highlighting their effectiveness over traditional capture methods. A novel detection of <i>Gobio gobio</i>, a Eurasian cyprinid with no prior records in Japan, suggests possible human-mediated introduction. Conversely, nine native species previously recorded in the South Basin were not detected, warranting conservation attention. The study underscores the utility of eDNA metabarcoding for biodiversity monitoring and conservation, providing a non-invasive and comprehensive approach to assessing fish community dynamics in high-diversity lake ecosystems.</p>

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Fish fauna in the South Basin of Lake Biwa revealed by environmental DNA: with a focus on the recovery of native species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Gen Ito,
  • Mao Kuramoto,
  • Akihiro Kondo,
  • Masafumi Nakamura,
  • Daisuke Ishizaki,
  • Takashi Taguchi,
  • Seigo Kawase,
  • Maki Asami,
  • Yuko Goto,
  • Hiroki Yamanaka

摘要

The South Basin of Lake Biwa, Japan, has undergone significant changes in fish fauna due to the introduction of invasive species and habitat alterations. This study assessed the current status of native fish species recovery through environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding and capture surveys conducted in 2008 and 2021. The eDNA survey detected 40 fish taxa, including 31 native and nine non-native taxa, while capture surveys identified 18 taxa. Notably, ten native taxa absent from the 2008 survey were detected in both the 2021 capture and eDNA surveys, indicating their potential recolonization. Among these, eight taxa not subject to fisheries stocking suggest natural population recovery. The decline in invasive largemouth bass (Micropterus nigricans) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) populations may have contributed to this resurgence. Additionally, eDNA surveys detected several benthic and elusive species, highlighting their effectiveness over traditional capture methods. A novel detection of Gobio gobio, a Eurasian cyprinid with no prior records in Japan, suggests possible human-mediated introduction. Conversely, nine native species previously recorded in the South Basin were not detected, warranting conservation attention. The study underscores the utility of eDNA metabarcoding for biodiversity monitoring and conservation, providing a non-invasive and comprehensive approach to assessing fish community dynamics in high-diversity lake ecosystems.