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<p>Memory, spatial cognition, and executive functioning decline with aging, which can impair instrumental activities such as shopping. This study examined whether virtual reality (VR)-based shopping training combined with structured mental guidance strategies can enhance shopping-related cognitive performance in older adults. Thirty community-dwelling older adult participants were stratified by age and sex and randomly assigned to a VR training group (n = 15) or a physical environment comparison group (n = 15). Participants completed six training sessions over 1.5&#xa0;months. From pre- to post-training, the primary outcome was the change in shopping-related memory accuracy (%). The VR group exhibited greater improvement in memory accuracy (mean change = 13.78% ± 14.36) than the comparison group (2.67% ± 15.07) with a between-group mean difference of 11.11% (95% CI [0.09, 22.13]), t(27.95) = 2.06, <i>p</i> = 0.049, Cohen’s d = 0.75. Secondary outcomes assessing spatial cognition, executive functioning, navigation efficiency, and perceived cognitive load exhibited improvement trends in favor of the VR group. The findings provide preliminary evidence that supports the feasibility and potential benefits of VR-based strategy-guided training, thereby enhancing shopping-related memory performance in older adults.</p>

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VR technology and mental guidance strategies for enhancing shopping abilities in older adults

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • I-Jui Lee,
  • Ming-Wei Kang

摘要

Memory, spatial cognition, and executive functioning decline with aging, which can impair instrumental activities such as shopping. This study examined whether virtual reality (VR)-based shopping training combined with structured mental guidance strategies can enhance shopping-related cognitive performance in older adults. Thirty community-dwelling older adult participants were stratified by age and sex and randomly assigned to a VR training group (n = 15) or a physical environment comparison group (n = 15). Participants completed six training sessions over 1.5 months. From pre- to post-training, the primary outcome was the change in shopping-related memory accuracy (%). The VR group exhibited greater improvement in memory accuracy (mean change = 13.78% ± 14.36) than the comparison group (2.67% ± 15.07) with a between-group mean difference of 11.11% (95% CI [0.09, 22.13]), t(27.95) = 2.06, p = 0.049, Cohen’s d = 0.75. Secondary outcomes assessing spatial cognition, executive functioning, navigation efficiency, and perceived cognitive load exhibited improvement trends in favor of the VR group. The findings provide preliminary evidence that supports the feasibility and potential benefits of VR-based strategy-guided training, thereby enhancing shopping-related memory performance in older adults.