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<p>Difficulties in using touchscreen smartphones for older adults are anticipated to become a critical issue in many countries as the population ages. To address the challenges of gesture-based interactions for older adults, we proposed a tangible user interface solution for smartphones, replacing touchscreen gestures with physical controls. An empirical study was conducted to assess feasibility and determine optimal design parameters for the solution. Based on experimental results, we devised a system design comprising the behavioral layer, the physical layer, and the instruction layer. Five design experts were invited for usability evaluation. The results indicated that the prototype utilizing a tangible user interface performed satisfactorily in terms of both learnability and usability. This study provides a potential solution to enhance smartphone accessibility for older adults. Moreover, the design guidelines and proposed solution can provide a reference framework for the design and development of similar products.</p>

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Design and evaluation of a tangible user interface to enhance older adults’ experience with touchscreen smartphones

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Yiwen Zhang,
  • Yanbin Wang,
  • Yizhou Hu,
  • Jiani Zhan,
  • Lanyun Zhang

摘要

Difficulties in using touchscreen smartphones for older adults are anticipated to become a critical issue in many countries as the population ages. To address the challenges of gesture-based interactions for older adults, we proposed a tangible user interface solution for smartphones, replacing touchscreen gestures with physical controls. An empirical study was conducted to assess feasibility and determine optimal design parameters for the solution. Based on experimental results, we devised a system design comprising the behavioral layer, the physical layer, and the instruction layer. Five design experts were invited for usability evaluation. The results indicated that the prototype utilizing a tangible user interface performed satisfactorily in terms of both learnability and usability. This study provides a potential solution to enhance smartphone accessibility for older adults. Moreover, the design guidelines and proposed solution can provide a reference framework for the design and development of similar products.